The Crescent and the Eagle: Ottoman Rule, Islam and the Albanians, 1874-1913"The Crescent and the Eagle" examines the awakening of Albanian national identity from the end of the 19th century to the outbreak of the First World War - a period of intense nationalism in the Balkans - from an Ottoman perspective. Drawing on Ottoman and European archival material, the book undermines the customary negative stereotypes of Ottoman rule, offering a more nuanced interpretation. Gawrych provides a critical but objective examination of the evolution of government policies toward Albanians, from attempts to mould them into an "iron barrier" to the establishment of a uniform system of administration. He argues that this was a result of a complicated set of conflicting allegiances and identities, rather than a simply adversarial struggle between government imposition of policy and Albanian resistance. The author also analyses the general problems of endemic violence and misadministration at the provincial level, and examines Albanian efforts to gain nationality rights and maintain local privileges and tribal autonomy. Weaving his analysis of these events into a chronological framework, he concludes that Albanian independence resulted from a confluence of foreign and domestic developments rather than from the design and will of the Albanians themselves. This stimulating study offers many fresh insights into the dynamics of power within the Ottoman Empire and contributes a new perspective to the study of the development of Albanian nationalism. |
Contents
| 1 | |
| 7 | |
2 A Rude Awakening | 38 |
3 Hamidism and Albanianism | 72 |
4 Hamidian Rule in Albania | 106 |
5 The Revolution | 140 |
6 Road to Independence | 170 |
Other editions - View all
The Crescent and the Eagle: Ottoman Rule, Islam and the Albanians, 1874-1913 George Walter Gawrych No preview available - 2006 |
The Crescent and the Eagle: Ottoman Rule, Islam and the Albanians, 1874-1913 George Gawrych No preview available - 2006 |
Common terms and phrases
Abdul Abdülhamid Ahmed Cevdet Albanian language Albanian National Awakening alphabet Ankara Arabic areas Arnavud Arnavutluk autonomy Balkan Bektaşi Besa Besa yahud Ahde Bulgarians Christian Committee Constitution cultural Debre Derviş Hima Despite Elbasan Ergiri ethnic European fellow Albanians Firzovik foreign Frashëri Gegalık Gegs Görice grand vezir Greek Gusinye Hamidian Haziran Ibid Ipek Isa Boletin Işkodra Islam Ismail Kemal Istanbul July Revolution Kamus al-A'lam kavim kaza Kosova Kosovar Albanians League of Prizren Macedonia Mahmud Şevket major Malisors Manastir Merdita military millet Montenegro motherland Muslim Muslim Albanians nationalist Niyazi number of Albanian Orthodox Osmanlı Ottoman Army Ottoman Empire Ottoman government Ottoman officials Paşa Pashko Vasa political population province reforms region religious Revolution Rıza Rumeli Salnamesi sancak schools Şemseddin Sami Şemsi Serbia Serbs Skendi sultan Tanin Tanzimat Temmuz Tosk Tosk Albanians Toskalık town tribal tribes troops Turkish Unionist Societies Üsküp vatan vilayet yahud Ahde Vefa Yanya Yenipazar Yıldız Palace