Contrastive AnalysisIn this important study, Carl James reviews the role that contrastive analysis can play in understanding and solving problems in second or foreign language learning and teaching. Using both psycholinguistic and linguistic analysis, he establishes a sound theoretical basis for CA before going on to illustrate its contribution to the study of linguistic universals, bilingualism, and language pedagogy. The book offers a range of examples to support its arguments, enabling readers to grasp the principles and then to pursue their own work in this area. Contrastive Analysis presents a successful theoretical and practical case for the value of CA as a research tool, both for those studying applied linguistics and for teachers needing to adjust their teaching to the state of knowledge of their students. |
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Page 31
... grammar . In iii ) the two English sentences are differentiated through intonation , a device operating on the phon ... grammar level shift . We can plot these level shifts on a grid : L1 Phonol . Lexis Grammar L2 Phonol . Lexis iii ...
... grammar . In iii ) the two English sentences are differentiated through intonation , a device operating on the phon ... grammar level shift . We can plot these level shifts on a grid : L1 Phonol . Lexis Grammar L2 Phonol . Lexis iii ...
Page 41
... Grammar Transformational - Generative Grammar ( T - GG ) was elaborated by Chomsky in his Syntactic Structures ( 1957 ) and his Aspects of the Theory of Syntax ( 1965 ) . The salient features of such a grammar are : that it recognises ...
... Grammar Transformational - Generative Grammar ( T - GG ) was elaborated by Chomsky in his Syntactic Structures ( 1957 ) and his Aspects of the Theory of Syntax ( 1965 ) . The salient features of such a grammar are : that it recognises ...
Page 190
... grammar in Stockwell , Bowen and Martin ( 1965 ) . The scale is based on types of relationship existing between comparable rules of L1 and L2 . There are three sorts of relationship : i ) L1 has a rule and L2 an equivalent one . ii ) L1 ...
... grammar in Stockwell , Bowen and Martin ( 1965 ) . The scale is based on types of relationship existing between comparable rules of L1 and L2 . There are three sorts of relationship : i ) L1 has a rule and L2 an equivalent one . ii ) L1 ...
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Common terms and phrases
adjective allophonic applied linguistics approach bilingual called Chapter Chomsky claim clause communication components concerned context contrastive analysis contrastivist conversation copula deep structure difficulty discourse analysis English and German English relative clauses equate errors example fact foreign language French function German grammar hyponyms hypothesis ibid identify identity implicature interference interlingual involves John Krzeszowski L1 and L2 L2 learners L2 learning Lado language learning learners of English lexemes lexical items lexicology means microlinguistic native speakers notion noun object optional organised pairs Paradigm pedagogical phatic phonemes phonological Portuguese position predict problem pronouns psycholinguistic psychological question realisations refer relationship rheme rule Russian seems selected semantic sentences simplification Spanish specify speech act structuralist suggested surface structure synonymy syntactic task tertium comparationis textual theoretical theory transfer transformations translation equivalence types universal utterances verb