Crime Prevention Through Environmental DesignCrime Prevention Through Environmental Design, Second Edition is a vital book for anyone involved in architectural design, space management, and urban planning. The concepts presented in this book explain the link between design and human behavior. Understanding this link can enable a planner to use natural environmental factors to minimize loss and crime and to maximize productivity. This practical guide addresses several environmental settings, including major event facilities, small retail establishments, downtown streets, residential areas, and playgrounds. A one-stop resource with explanations of criminal behavior and the historical aspects of design, it teaches both the novice and the expert in crime prevention how to use the environment to affect human behavior in a positive manner.
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Contents
Introduction to CPTED | 1 |
ASKING THE RIGHT QUESTIONS | 2 |
THE NEED FOR CPTED | 3 |
COMPETING CRIME PREVENTION STRATEGIES | 4 |
CPTED AND CONTEMPORARY PLANNING MODELS | 6 |
CPTED WORLDWIDE | 7 |
RESULTS OF CPTED | 9 |
SCOPE AND CONTENT | 10 |
Barriers to Conflict | 131 |
Outdoor Sitting Areas | 133 |
Plazas | 134 |
Pedestrian Mall | 135 |
PARKING LOTS AND STRUCTURES | 138 |
Parking Lot Access | 140 |
Parking Structures | 141 |
OFFICE AND INDUSTRIAL SYSTEMS | 143 |
Crime and Loss Prevention | 13 |
CRIME | 14 |
LEVELS OF CRIME | 16 |
EXPLANATIONS OF CRIME | 18 |
IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC ACTION | 20 |
CONTEMPORARY CRIME PREVENTION AND INTERAGENCY CONCEPTS | 21 |
CRIMINAL JUSTICE A MISPERCEIVED CONCEPT | 22 |
PRODUCTIVITY FOR THE CRIME AND LOSS PREVENTION SPECIALIST | 24 |
CRIME VERSUS LOSS PREVENTION | 27 |
RISK MANAGEMENT | 31 |
CPTED Concepts and Strategies | 33 |
CPTED CONCEPTS | 34 |
CPTED STRATEGIES | 36 |
THE THREED APPROACH | 39 |
Design | 40 |
USE OF INFORMATION | 41 |
SOME BENEFITS OF CPTED PLANNING ACTIVITIES | 43 |
A NEW ROLE FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT SUPPORT OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT | 45 |
CPTED Definitions | 46 |
CPTED Problems | 47 |
A NATURAL APPROACH TO RETAIL SECURITY | 49 |
CPTED IN LOWINCOME PUBLIC AND THREEGENERATION HOUSING | 53 |
Natural Surveillance | 54 |
Territorial Reinforcement | 55 |
Neighborhood Planning | 56 |
ThreeGeneration Housing | 57 |
CPTED PLANNING AND DESIGN REVIEW | 58 |
Review Process | 59 |
Liability | 60 |
ACHIEVING THE RIGHT PERSPECTIVE | 62 |
Historical Precedents of CPTED Early Settlement and Growth of Communities | 65 |
THE GROWTH OF TRAFFIC PROBLEMS | 67 |
THE GROWTH OF PLANNING PROBLEMS | 69 |
THE GROWTH OF HOUSING PROBLEMS | 73 |
THE GROWTH OF COMMERCIAL AND RETAIL PROBLEMS | 77 |
Behavioral Precedents of CPTED From Caves to Fast Food | 81 |
GREEK TEMPLES | 82 |
MEDIEVAL CITIES | 83 |
BAROQUE MANNERISM | 84 |
LOUIS XIV | 86 |
NAPOLEON III | 87 |
CONTEMPORARY | 88 |
Using the Environment to Affect Behavior | 93 |
USE OF LIGHT AND COLOR | 100 |
FENG SHUI | 107 |
Aesthetics Environmental Cues and Territorial Behavior Implications for CPTED PlanningFUNCTION THE BATTLE WITH AESTHETICS | 111 |
ENVIRONMENTAL CUES | 114 |
TERRITORIAL BEHAVIOR | 116 |
VISUAL BUBBLES LANDSCAPE AND ART | 122 |
Examples of OPTED Strategies and Applications | 125 |
CPTED APPLICATIONS | 127 |
DOWNTOWN STREETS AND PEDESTRIAN AREAS | 128 |
Office Building Site Plan and Parking | 144 |
Shipping and Receiving and Vehicle Access | 146 |
Plant Design | 147 |
HALLWAYS AND RESTROOMS | 149 |
Restroom Location and Entrance Design | 151 |
Informal Gathering Areas | 153 |
MALLS AND SHOPPING CENTERS | 155 |
Mall Design | 156 |
Barriers to Conflict | 158 |
CONVENIENCE STORES AND BRANCH BANKS | 159 |
Locations Near Dense Commercial or Housing Sites | 161 |
Hexagon Shaped | 162 |
Kiosk Shaped | 164 |
Branch Banks | 165 |
OBJECTIVES FOR RESIDENTIAL ENVIRONMENT | 167 |
Residential Streets | 168 |
Curvilinear Streets | 174 |
Options for Private Use | 178 |
Recovery of Grid Systems | 182 |
OBJECTIVES FOR SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT | 185 |
School Campus Control | 186 |
High School Parking Lots | 187 |
Student Parking and Driver Education Relationships | 188 |
Courtyards and Corridors | 190 |
School Lunchtime Hallway Use | 193 |
Safe Activities in Unsafe Locations | 195 |
CONVENTION CENTER AND STADIUM | 196 |
Stadium Entrance and Ticket Control | 198 |
CPTED Implementation | 201 |
IMPLEMENTATION | 204 |
Program Management | 205 |
Mission Statements Goals and Objectives | 206 |
Time and Task Planning | 207 |
EVALUATION AND MONITORING | 208 |
Evaluation Design | 209 |
Evaluation Objectives | 210 |
Twenty Questions Often Asked About CPTED | 211 |
OPTED in the 21st Century The Past Is Prologue | 219 |
THE TRANSITION TO THE FUTURE OF CPTED | 220 |
OPTED IN THE NEW MILLENNIUM | 221 |
Institutional | 222 |
Broward County School OPTED Matrix | 225 |
CPTED Training Outline | 239 |
School CPTED Survey | 243 |
OPTED Design Directives for Dormitory and Student Lounges | 251 |
Convenience Stores and Gas Stops CPTED Assessment Form | 265 |
Rail Transit and Terminal CPTED Assessment Form | 277 |
Apartments and Public Housing CPTED Assessment Form | 287 |
Glossary | 297 |
Bibliography | 303 |
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Common terms and phrases
abnormal users Advantages Disadvantages Precautions approaches border definition branch banks Broward County building colors conflict Convenience Stores CPTED concepts CPTED Design Directives CPTED planner CPTED Strategies CPTED/Security Advantages Disadvantages create crime and loss Crime map crime prevention criminal behavior Criminologists Defensible Space Disadvantages Precautions Recommendations downtown effective employees enhance entrances environmental cues Environmental Design evaluation fast food Feng Shui Figure gathering areas hallways human function improve increase the perception Install landscaping law enforcement levels light loss prevention malls natural access control neighborhood normal users objectives offenders parking area parking lots pedestrian pedestrian malls persons planning police Poor Design Prevention Through Environmental problems produce public housing reduce requirements residential residents restrooms safety shopping centers sidewalks social street student parking traffic transitional U.S. Department urban users of space vehicle visual walls zones ΝΑ