Informing Science Volume Two: Design and Research Issues

Front Cover
Informing Science

The two volume Informing Science series is the first attempt to
survey and synthesize research in the informing science
transdiscipline. Part textbook, part collection of readings, the
two volumes present both important research findings relating to
the field and highlight fertile directions for future research.
Volume Two: Design and Research Issues applies the building
blocks of informing science described in Volume One:
Concepts and Systems to design and research questions. It
begins by looking at alternative approaches to informing system
design. These include structured methodologies, agile
approaches, effectuation, and emergent models. A series of
chapters follows that present research findings related to a
series of topics that have played an important role in the
development of informing science as a research area. These
include the relationship between rigor and research methods,
threats to informing (such as misinformation and disinformation),
the nature of informing impact, information cascades, the
relationship of culture to informing, and the research-practice
gap. The book concludes with a chapter that considers possible
extensions to the current informing science research agenda
and an afterword that presents the author’s reflections on the
development of series and its long term future.

 

Contents

The research design involved taking a list of successful expert systems published in 1988 and doing a phone survey to determine both the characteris...
13
In preparation for each interview I wrote up a preliminary description of what each system didbased upon the public descriptions we were able to fin...
15
As illustrated in Figure 2 the potential usefulness of a design artifact still plays a key role in assessing fitness as it did in the original model What the fi...
17
Malleable Related to decomposability the malleability of an artifact represents the degree to which it can be adapted by its users and respond to chang...
18
Normally we look at innovation as an attribute of a design one that exists on a continuum that might be informally described as ranging from nothin...
19
From 2004 to 2007 the program was still narrowly focused on specific topics and did not involve large numbers or a large variety of organizations ...
20
In short JIFX was designed to inform problem holders regarding the potential solutions space while at the same time informing solution providers reg...
21
The stakeholders developed a list of activities designated experiments to reflect the failure tolerant learning centric nature of the event to explore the ...
22
Through its stated policy of celebrating experiments that fail for the right reasons JIFX reduces the uncertainty associated with fitness of the endstate ...
24
accelerated defect detection
25
Specifically a natural area for future research might include measuring the JIFX systems informing flows more precisely What the cybernetic analysis...
26
IS Refinements to DR
27
Mapping Design to the Environment
29
Soft Skills
31
A KM Audit was conducted to measure KIndex an aggregate measure to quantify the state of KM practice in a project The KIndex incorporated vari...
32
Key Lessons Learned from Chapter 12
36
The study of design processes as a transdisciplinary subject
37
4 What is the relationship between user satisfaction and intrinsic motivation?
38
Gregor S Jones D 2007 The anatomy of a design theory Journal of the AIS 85 Article 2 312335
39
Chapter Notes
40
Adapting Informing Systems
43
Introduction
44
4 Had evolved organizational structures that were vastly more streamlined than those of their competitors
45
Learning occurs any time participants in an organization acquire any knowledge whether or not it is applied or changes behavior
46
The Double Helix Conceptual Scheme
47
The intraanalysis aspect is intended to support creation of a learning spiral as actors are supported to reflect and think about a problem space with this...
49
Unfortunately in organizational life as it is experienced phenomena occur that can inhibit higher orders of learning as described by Bateson 1972 and...
50
If double binds cause anguish and despair and destroy personal epistemological premises at some deep level then it follows conversely that for the he...
52
Another approach supporting individuals to break out from entrapment of mind can be found in the work of Hay 2001 2007a 2007b relating to ima...
53
Incremental changes to fitnessresulting from manipulating the same variable in the same mannermean that a variables effect cannot be established ind...
55
Adaptation in Teaching Programming
56
Throughout period 0 Instructor As course evaluations were considered excellent by the standards of programming courses winning him the universit...
57
Spring 2004
59
Balancing the decline in evaluation scores was a gradual improvement in retention that began to appear in Spring 2004 see Table B1 In part this was ...
60
With improved evaluations and retention the fitness of this section could be characterized as mediumhigh Working against it was the weak overall stu...
61
The 2005 version of the Microsoft Visual Studio tool used in the course had been released meaning that online lecture and assignment content neede...
62
The results of the Fall 2006 were highly positive as summarized in Table B3 In addition to the items summarized student evaluations scores showed d...
63
Folklandia Pavilion
64
Another challenge the pavilions have faced refers to organizing and managing According to recommendations of the Festival Agency a pavilion is su...
65
That family holds everything that matters in their hands They have all the might Just the Holy Ghost is missing Oh and dont be mistakenthe mother c...
66
There are no manuals simply because we have been part of this Festival for many years and we have learned all we need to know and kept it in here t...
67
To the chagrin of the insiders the new leadership emerging among the outsiders in 2002 questioned the entrenched vision of the Pavilion carried by t...
69
Infoculture
70
Trajectory of Infoculture in Folklandia Pavilion
71
costs and on organizational performance could have raised questions concerning the background causes and possibility of different outcomes In gen...
72
Computer huh? Ive got no clue whats going on in that thing computer How can I trust it is going to do it right? The 2001 treasurer
73
33741
74
A new organization of the Pavilion was established Organizational structure became more differentiated as new functions were introduced and lines o...
75
In addition to knowledge of organizing and running the Pavilion knowledge of modern IT and information management consolidated the new basis ...
76
Trajectory of Infopolitics in Folklandia Pavilion
77
Positive attitudes toward systematic records keeping and information management in general were planted and systematically cultivated in the new in...
78
EmailBased Memory
79
Should we make a guide on volunteers behavior? This message was followed by yesno votes Therefore the assistant coordinators message belongs to ...
80
This is one of the best pavilions Everything was much better organized than before I felt that every staff knew what they were doing The service was ...
81
While informing systems that are designed without the ability to adapt may function very efficiently in the environment that they were designed for i...
82
The actual model employed by an organization in responding to stimuli as opposed to its expressed theory of action
83
Challenges in Practice Theory and Education Volume 1 pp 225236
84
httpwwwenvfportacukillustrationimagesvlshpieindexhtm
85
Travica B 2005 Information View of Organization Journal of International Technology and Information Management 143 2005 120
86
SelfOrganizing Informing Systems
87
Introduction
88
Differences between routine and nonroutine informing systems Gill 2009
89
A complementary way of looking at the routine vs nonroutine continuum is in terms of starting peaks and ending peaks Where a single client exists ...
90
Because mass media exerts its influence on the most receptive portions of the client community ie innovators we can expect that interpersonal clientto...
93
Homophily and Social Attraction
94
women selfselect into fields that pay less
95
Separate homophilic clusters can form even without fixed attributes that distinguish entities
96
Our understanding of the pervasiveness of social contagion particularly at an unconscious level is more recent A wellknown example of this involves...
97
The number of attributes
98
This particular type of agent is guaranteed to reach a local peak eventually but there is no guarantee that the peak will be high or that it will reach it q...
100
i they will never move to a state that is of lower fitness than the one they currently occupy and ii they will never revisit a state that they have previous...
101
the number of attributes
102
Emergent Structure of SelfOrganizing Informing Networks
105
Weak links between small worlds often play an instrumental role in informing processes The weakness of small worlds is that everyone in a particular...
108
The focus of bridging social capital is on external relations Adler Kwon 2002 Burke Kraut Marlow 2011 Vitak et al 2011 and on the weak ties that ...
110
Emotional support and behavioural transfers are common among individuals within bonding relationships Forsman et al 2012 Islam et al 2006 Both ...
111
Social capital usually tends to be inversely proportional to social disorder reduced civic participation and distrust Portes Vickstrom 2011 The lower t...
112
Various models of selforganizing networks exist Scalefree networks occur when the distribution of connections to nodes within the network vary acc...
113
A process of observing others and imitating them that can lead to homophily
114
101146annurevpsych55090902141922
115
Research and education on a rugged landscape Santa Rosa CA Informing Science Press
116
La Fond T Neville J 2010 Randomization tests for distinguishing social influence and homophily effects WWW 2010 April 2630 2010 Raleigh Nort...
117
Re Examining the Relationship between Facebook Use and Bonding Social Capital In System Sciences HICSS 2011 44th Hawaii International Confer...
118
RESEARCH ISSUES
119
Rigor and Research Methods
121
Introduction
122
There are of course many other ways that rigor can be defined Nevertheless these three characteristics are certainly important aspects of research qual...
123
The sensible rejoinder to the arguments I have presented is that what seems obvious to me may not seem equally obvious to everyone Thus rigor de...
125
The problem is that prior research has suggested that the world we face is not so ideal To the contrary when significance testing or multiple regressio...
126
Results of regression after first step of migration for 10 different runs on 44 peak NK landscape where N10 K6 Number of Agents 100
128
Perhaps the best known study of the peer review process was conducted by Stephen Ceci and Douglas Peters at Cornell University and at the Universi...
129
several editors who had not been directly involved with our study wrote scathing letters calling into question our professional ethics because of our u...
130
A second area highlighted by the Ceci and Peters 1982 study is the problem of consistency Some particularly useful additional research in this area w...
131
Why this is important is that the reason for the wide variation may not be reviewer capriciousness or inattention attributes that can conceivably be alte...
132
Journal citation rate 028
133
I believe it is possible to reconcile these seemingly conflicting findings by understanding how many journals handle blind peer review In most but no...
134
Replication is rare in the finance literature Of the 1028 papers sampled from four major finance journals only one was a replication Only 53 percent ...
135
The replication experiments exhibited a substantial decline in the size of the observed effects compared with the original experiments 97 of the origin...
136
The systematic side effects of overprescribing goal setting Ordonez Schweitzer Galinsky Bazerman 2009a
138
Framed in this way it would appear that the existing disciplines that routinely overlap with informing science have not set the bar terribly high when i...
139
203
140
Figure 1 summarizes the three layer or level configuration for modern science
141
Theory of truth
144
Highly context dependent
145
The ability to tackle really important questions If it were not for this there would be no reason to experience the ambiguity and uncertainty that come...
146
With respect to the constructive suggestions I am definitely not advocating taking an uncritical perspective It makes no sense to propose solutions wit...
147
Alternative approaches to research such as second order science and hermeneutic dialectics appear to offer a research philosophy that is more consiste...
148
A process outcome that is a result of 1 being systematic in inquiry 2 employing a design appropriate to the object of study and 3 asking challenging ...
149
the International Journal of an Emerging Transdiscipline 11 pp 85106
150
Prevalence and effects of reviewer hostility bias and dissensus Academy of Management Journal 493 425431
151
Threats to Informing
155
Introduction
156
actions are guided by the subjects purpose hence it is the only legitimate point of reference for assessing operations it calls for a teleological approach...
157
Einstein the father of relativity brings to our attention what is obvious today in the universe but ignored in informing for operations postulate of pers...
158
Bounded rationality should not only be assumed but also enforced There is no guarantee that normally rationally acting individuals will always act ra...
159
What are the reasons for the failures caused by misinforming? Is it possible to measure the risk of misinforming? If it is possible then how can we me...
160
Another type of transmission failure can be the result of distortion Distortion can be the result of a number of factors In some cases it may be that the ...
162
One way of addressing interference particularly interference driven by capacity limits is to create different types of pathways for different types of m...
163
Messages coming in through the same channel or alternative channels may prevent messages in a specific channel from getting through In this case t...
164
In Chapter 13 we examined the stimulusresponse SR model of learning Based upon this model informing is presumed to have occurred only if a mat...
166
Because of the ambiguity of it there are two plausible interpretations to this statement one involving a racist town council and a virtuous proposal the ...
167
The second element in the response from Washington highlighted another issue that Morison deemed significant As stated in Chapter 9 gunnery had ...
169
An easy way to simulate the process of interpretation followed by regeneration is to use automatic translation software to translate a message then tran...
170
the distinction between disinformation and misinformation distortion message sources and the role played by the biases client This is considered from...
171
As will be discussed in chapters that follow our perception of a message will depend heavily on our prevailing estimateoffitness Chapter 17 and cultu...
173
There is probably no place where the average individual is confronted with as much disinformation as when he or she is online Examples can be fou...
176
From the casual observers standpoint you have no idea where those views are coming from all you see is that its fast rising which sparks your curiosit...
177
Most types of conventional security measures such as firewalls virus protection software and intrusion detection systems cannot do much to detect or ...
178
Misinformation and Intention
179
Misinformation and Situational Desirability
180
Trust of content unlike trust of cooperative intention cannot be assumed but has to be actually acquired The Internets limited capabilities in providing...
182
An Example of Disinformation in Cyberdating
183
In this narrated interaction DCat was guilty of patent disinformation with strategy and premeditation He lured the other gender with material attractio...
184
1 initial facetoface meeting 2 significant shifts in media and 3 exclusivity McDowell finds that the initial facetoface meeting with ones significant othe...
185
Discussion and analysis in this section indicate that computermediated communication due to various limitations in communicational capability may ...
186
The DoubleEdged Sword of Online Anonymity
187
Economic Analysis of Misinforming
188
In Table 1 we summarize all components needed for further modeling of the risk of misinforming
191
2
192
1 A simple model only is known The proposed measure for the risk of misinforming is
193
this message is not useful the client doesnt solve herhis task the decision is correct and the risk
194
12
196
19
197
Failures to inform in good faith can be usefully divided into transmission failures failures to attend failures to impact and misinforming Disinforming...
198
Used here as a synonym for lying
199
References
200
Farrar Straus and Giroux
201
Estimating Fitness and Evaluating Informing Impact
203
Introduction
204
S a1x1 + a2x2 ++ aNxN
205
It should be evident that the principal challenge presented by best choice fitness stems from the lack of decomposability in the relationship between i...
207
If published rankings are such a poor indicator of fitness for the typical student why do they have such demonstrated impact on college choice?
208
Theories and EstimatesofFitness
209
6 Integrity tests do not have an adverse impact on racial minorities
210
F y1x1 + y2x2 ++ yNxN
211
To explain the role played by estimatesoffitness in informing we can return to an illustration originally presented in Chapter 5 of Volume One In Dia...
213
Income data provide an even stronger rebuttal to the stereotypes The National Center for Higher Education Management Systems and the Association...
214
Butand here is the real problema weak or even poor estimator is generally better than no estimator at all This is the Law of limited visibility referred t...
215
4 Failure to estimate or ascertain the clients ending knowledge state
218
2 Estimatesoffitness are often easier to manipulate than real impact any time they are used there is danger than clients will adjust their activities to take...
219
Aside from the selfinterested assignment of causality to informing or the choice not to assign it the inability to directly link cause and effect presents a...
220
In most professions some form of licensing is a prerequisite to practice As a prerequisite to the licensing process individuals may also need a professi...
221
With respect to organizational performance there is also a question as to whether or not a business degreemost particularly the MBAactually impacts ...
223
The external consequences of informing
234
References
235
Scalia CJ 2015 Conservatives please stop trashing the liberal arts The Wall Street Journal March 2829 A13
236
Bubbles Popular Delusions and Information Cascades
239
Introduction
240
Mackays book begins with several examples of financial bubbles that nearly destroyed the underlying economies of their respective countries One of...
241
the most preposterous of all and which shewed more completely than any other the utter madness of the people as one started by an unknown advent...
243
Broadly speaking alchemy can be divided into two eras During the first era which lasted roughly to the end of the 16th century alchemy was focused...
245
We the deputies of the principal College of the brethren of the Rosecross have taken up our abode visible and invisible in this city by the grace of the...
247
In our day little mention is made in Europe of any new devotees of the science though it is affirmed that one or two of our most illustrious men of sci...
248
At intervals according to the pleasure of Satan there was a general meeting of all the demons and all the witches This meeting was called the Sabbath ...
250
Conventional warfare having failed the Archbishop petitioned Pope Gregory IX who declared the entire population to be heretics and witches Based ...
251
She had seen two Jesuits there who had made themselves notorious even among witches for their abominations that she had seen them assume the for...
252
London is peculiarly fertile place in this sort of phrases which spring up suddenly no one knows exactly in what spot and pervade the whole populati...
254
The examples just presented come from many areas and time periods They nevertheless possess certain commonalities as well as certain differences B...
255
Criticality Models
256
6 Slow neutrons may be absorbed by suitable U235 fuel elements producing fission and as a sideeffect more neutrons that then can be used to produ...
257
susceptibles infectives and removed cases Lefevre and Picard 1994 Susceptibles have never heard the rumor before Infectives are individuals who ar...
258
In a large population where a single sender initiates a rumor ps pi and prc In such situations super criticality is going to be experienced for a number...
259
Information Cascade Models
260
1 Private information including information from direct observation by the individual client of the alternatives
261
Going handinhand with the question of externalities is the option of postponing a decision If for example you are trying to decide whether or not to s...
263
The fitness of an option grows with each adoption The VCR example fell into this category as do many types of standardsdriven behaviors This type ...
264
The formation of a strong culture is likely to begin well before the fitness peak is achieved and will aid the original company in reaching that peak be...
265
During the early stages of diffusion we would expect adoption of an innovation including a new practice or belief to be driven by informers such as t...
267
Glossary
268
The period right after midnight on Friday that was purportedly the preferred time for witches to gather with the devil
269
AddisonWesley
270
Nekoveea M Morenob Y Bianconic G and Marsilic M 2007 Theory of rumour spreading in complex social networks Physica A 374 457470
271
Informing and Culture
273
Introduction
274
Selected Definitions of Culture
275
they improve performance by energizing employeesappealing to their higher ideals and values and rallying them around a set of meaningful unified ...
277
values and practices The first of these is particularly relevant to national culture while the second is particularly applicable to organizations The readi...
278
An Example
280
Uncertainty Avoidance
281
LongTerm vs ShortTerm Orientation
282
Culture and Informing Science
283
Attitudes towards risk and time are frequently incorporated in the preferences of a culture US public companies for example are often accused of pro...
285
the idea of saving face was another important concept in Vietnamese society The Vietnamese would do anything to prevent loss of face even if it mea...
288
Khoa was employed by FPT Software Development Company right after he graduated To survive in the tough working environment he had to impr...
289
There were many ways to develop specific interpersonal skills such as learning from the workplace or professional courses In addition he found boo...
290
Thirdly considering the vital role that time management played in work performance Khoa found that it was necessary to avoid falling behind with h...
291
On the other hand in rejecting the promotion offer he would also entail many costs that he needed to bear in mind Promotion to a Director position o...
292
Khoas concern was how he could improve the centres business performance He felt that there were three aspects to this issue Firstly he did have relev...
293
After evaluating the pros and cons of each course of action Khoa felt that he needed a few more days to make the decision to accept or refuse the Dir...
294
In the chaotic landscape the fitness of a particular state provides no information about the fitness of adjacent states that is a matter of definition Assum...
295
1 The tunable NK landscape proposed by Kauffman 1993
296
Because the simulation stops when all agents are on local peaks andparticularly for lower levels of complexitythe number of peaks is likely to be far l...
298
1 It assumes the landscape is static
299
With the right culture the problems of commitment alignment and motivation go away and hierarchy becomes irrelevant Akardi Kuhlmann CEO of I...
301
The Myth of Talent and Portability of Performance Groysberg 2010 over 200 highperforming investment analysts that changed firms were interview...
304
As previously noted Groysberg 2010 found some anecdotal evidence that women paid much greater attention to the cultural aspects of the subsequen...
305
When the first market towns emerged in Italy they didnt magically create some higherlevel group consciousness They simply widened the pool of mi...
306
Strong and comprehensive culture generally makes informing within a culture more routine on the dimension of client diversity but may place signif...
307
A simulated fitness landscape with tunable complexity where N is the number of attributes and K is the number of interactions between them
308
10 Are there any circumstances in which the cultural factors that lead to innovation networks could in the long run undermine their outcomes? If yes ...
309
Software of the mind London UK McGraw Hill
310
How prosperity evolves New York NY HarperCollins
311
The ResearchPractice Gap
313
Introduction
314
One intriguing aspect of the study was its effort to identify instances of academic research that have impacted practice These examples are summarize...
316
Perhaps not coincidentally finance is quite different from the other disciplines in two respects First as already noted it clearly does exert an influence ...
317
Much of the conceptual scheme presented in this book is devoted to exploring how the nature of complexity and complex systems supports Talebs p...
319
Instead MBAs in business schools went on learning portfolio theory
320
The preference towards scholarly academic journals as publication channels has at least two other communicational disadvantages Firstly because of t...
322
To use such lists for academic tenure decisions is tantamount to codifying and propagating a scheme of research agendas ideologies and values It clea...
323
Notably while academics bemoan the absence of IS professionals from their conferences and lament that their work is being ignored few IS professio...
324
One way of looking at this lack of a cumulative tradition is as the failure of the IS research community to communicate its findings to itself or to liste...
325
Researchers attempt to inform practice solely through publication even as they continue to inform each other through much richer channels such as c...
327
A process of surveying and interacting with the environment integrating the resulting intelligence with other knowledge on an ongoing basis in order...
328
Taking the concept of collective knowledge creation to its most radical logical extreme an intriguing way to get around the gap between researchers a...
331
The above criteria for successfully edGeucating are not yet understood to be possible by most educators scientists or problem solvers And certainly n...
332
Successes in Bringing Neophytes to the Edges of Expert Knowledge
333
In reference to working closely with scientists Henrietta Swan Leavitt was a secretarial assistant to the astronomer Sir Edwin Hubble at the turn of the ...
334
more movies being created for and produced on the web than in Hollywood child cartoonists publishing their work clothes designers under ten years...
335
Did Eight Year Olds Really Publish Their Study in a Science Journal?
336
Diffusion Processes
337
There are a number of arguments we can make to support such a position First and foremost the easiest type of individual to inform is the maven sinc...
338
If a professional doctorate is to be successfully employed as a mechanism for informing practice on the other hand intentionally socializing the stude...
339
Recommended design characteristics for business professional doctoral programs
340
Curriculum
341
Paying too much attention to the case study as a product ignores the greatest benefit of case writingthe process itself When we go into the field to writ...
342
Ironically the teaching case is usually a much better source of such information about the business landscape than a research case To begin with there...
343
ECOM Coffee
344
But what if the case research is not part of a structured curriculum and the students are undergraduates? How does this influence the informing flows...
345
What becomes evident from these three cases is that there are opportunities for enriching the informing patterns that typically exist in business school...
346
Critiques of our failure to impact practice often center around the nature of our publications specifically 1 academic publications are not read by prac...
347
2 Explain the basis of the arguments that we are producing the wrong type of publications if we wish to impact practice
348
Building on indigenous knowledge IBM Systems Journal 3934 768782
349
A normalized citation analysis Journal of Management Information Systems 111 131140
350
Ouellette J 2010 September 20 Astronomys amateurs a boon for science Discovery News
351
Chapter Notes
352
Future Directions for Informing Science
355
Introduction
356
The research problem to be addressed was defined as identifying and understanding emergent behaviors of systems that consist on many elements tha...
357
The 2007 Roadmap
358
Academic informing systems typically come in disciplinaryinstitutional pairs with the former determining research directions and the latter prioritizin...
359
as the means of communicating findings to those researchers in other disciplines who could never be expected to read anything written in the formal ...
360
Discussion Cases launched as a journal in 2011 has published dozens of ITrelated case studies including a special issue on IT case studies in Vietnam t...
361
19992008 This book published in 2009 was the first attempt to present a systematic collection of chaptersmainly based on influential past Informing...
362
Although we can cite a few examples of publications applying informing science within our many client disciplines eg Gill Bhattacherjee 2009 Myer...
364
Citation impact measures the recognition of published results through citations The impact of each individual article can be compared by sorting the...
365
Pettigrew KE Fidel R Bruce H
366
Other quantifiable indicators can be extracted from the FGC data set These items are the documents type the language of references and the source jo...
367
IREPS 2015s Organizing Committee preferred to also include the engineering perspective to the content of the special track because of the very impo...
370
Research is a basically a twophase informing process which include informing oneself and informing other researchers with regards to the newly fou...
371
Notes
372
In recent years a number of articles authored by leading researchers in various disciplines have been published in InformingSciJ Typically the greates...
373
It should be selfevident that any attempt to summarize the standard approach to positivist research is at best foolish and at worst likely to be highly mi...
374
Informing science naturally lends itself to second order science This would translate to studying the conduct of informing science and other research ...
377
In the long run the days are numbered for any research endeavor that produces neither beauty nor usefulness If we are to be useful our research must...
378
As humans we must feed not only our natural instinct to move our mobility addiction but also our instinct to emulate to copy and become more like...
379
Moreover our intellectual heroes show us that it pays to be hyphenated In this paper I set out to spotlight the rationale for developing more poetscien...
380
As has been mentioned a number of times in this book a scientific paradigm tends to evolve around a set of puzzles that are deemed worthy of soluti...
381
Although we believe KIM is applicable to a broad range of innovations both products and processes this paper focuses on innovations that are ITena...
382
The application domain problem maturity dimension resonates with the key roles in innovation of opportunities Tidd and Bessant 2009 tasks and pro...
383
Thus Figure 1 presents a 2x2 matrix of innovation contexts and potential knowledge contributions and impact The xaxis shows the maturity of the k...
384
Knowledge flows in the invention quadrant are typically inductive from instances to eventual generalization The new artifact is invented and then oth...
385
The impact of innovations in business in the form of improvements can be considerable The Canadian Intellectual Property Office reports that 90 of ...
386
Exploitation occurs when existing knowledge for the problem area is well understood and when existing artifacts are used to address the opportunity ...
387
Relating from personal experience I believe it is useful for the potential case facilitator to consider these dimensions carefully for two reasons First I d...
388
The Late Student
389
Low power poses in contrast seem defensive Limbs are held close to the body motion around the classroom is limited and tentative Furnitureparticula...
390
5 times 6 is 30
391
Dissanayake 2008 emphasizes that protomusical behavior has served as a basis for culturespecific inventions of ritual ceremonies for uniting groups a...
392
Much evidence has been accumulated about parallel evolution of culture consciousness and music Weiss and Taruskin 1984 Jaynes 1976 Perlovsky ...
393
the fox unable to attain the grape devalues the contradictory cognition by deciding that the grape is sour
394
when language emerged in our species every new word was a nugget of new information that contradicted an existing idea or belief A powerful mec...
397
With love wed like to fully trust it But we know that to fully trust is dangerous that we can be betrayed and disappointed With death one of the most ...
398
You will be the same in five years as you are today except for the people you meet and the books you read
400
As my students and I have focused on the skills and attitudes of creative excellence my appreciation for the close linkage between good writing and c...
401
A New Roadmap for Informing Science
402
Can informing science develop methodical approaches to capturing impact that go beyond the weak measures currently being used? Because if we ca...
403
The idea of heroes as put forth in the earlier reading by David Waters is a compelling one It is important to distinguish these heroes from socalled tho...
404
Many possible alternatives have been proposed to increase the Institutes sustainability Bringing in sponsors hosting external nonISI online journals fo...
405
For too long informing science has paid scant attention to those areas of human communication thatin many casespredate language These include em...
406
A collection of research perspectives that allow for the possibility that the nature of truth may vary from individual to individual and that an objectiv...
407
6 What topic areas presented in Volume Two of this book might be considered examples of second order science?
408
Chaturvedi A Dolk D and Drnevish P 2011 Design principles for virtual worlds MIS Quarterly 353 673684
409
The International Journal of an Emerging Transdiscipline 12 vx
410
Levinthal D and March J 1993 The myopia of learning Strategic Management Journal 14 95112
411
Peffers K Tuunanen T Rothenberger M and Chatterjee S 2008 A design science research methodology for information systems research Journal of M...
412
Basic science and technological innovation Brookings Institute Press Washington DC
413
About the Author
415
Index
416
Austin 85 338 414
417
Business Week 223
418
conceptual scheme 6 82 88 132 163 214 239 240 276 283 299 300 303 309 314 319 328 377
419
diversity 52 84 90 91 130 132 155 170 171 173 207 214 234 286 299 307 326 376 393
420
fitness function 83 97 131 204 205 296 304
421
Gottesman 223 235
422
information processing 163 167 171
423
Kling 84 365
424
Lu 178
425
Mokyr 382 411
426
peer review 59 128 129 130 134 147 148 149 151 153 335 368 412
427
research designs 142
428
Siemer 348
429
theoryoffitness 135 153 204 209 210 211 212 233 234
430
Wall Street 130 150 213 235 236 317
431
Copyright

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About the author

Grandon Gillis a professor of Information Systems and Decision
Sciences at the University of South Florida’s Muma College of
Business and also serves as Academic Director of the Doctor of
Business Administration degree program. He has served as
Editor-in-Chief of Informing Science: The International Journal of
an Emerging Transdiscipline since 2009, and is both a Governor
and a Fellow of the Informing Science Institute. In 2014, he
became the inaugural recipient of the Zbigniew Gackowski Award,
given for lifetime contribution to informing science research.

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