The Magic Square: Cities in Ancient China4. The modern time, the time of the urban culture and its enemies. Economic development after 1000 AD changed Chinese society and created what may be called urban culture connected with international trade. This urban civilization was highly endangered by the increasingly destructive attacks launched bynomadic warrior tribes from northern Central Asia. Eventually it was almost completely destroyed at the hands of the Mongols, who in turn founded a new capital, the present-day Beijing, using the sacred Magic Square concept. |
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administrative center Altar ancestors axis became Beijing bronze Buddha Buddhist building complex built canal capital city central century BC Chang'an Chengzhou China Chinese city wall Confucius constructed courtyard culture Duke of Zhou east Eastern Han dynasty Eastern Zhou emperor empire established fortress founded gates grave hall Hangzhou Heaven Henan Holy Huang Jiangsu Kaifeng Kaogu king kmē later layout Liao Liao dynasty located Luoyang Magic Square Magic Square concept Manchu market street mausoleum measurement Ming monastery Mongols mountain Nanjing north-south Northern Wei outer city pagoda palace city population prefecture present-day prince province Qing reconstructed residence ritual river royal scale settlement Shaanxi Shandong Shang side Song dynasty southern street pattern suburbs Sui dynasty Suzhou Tang temple Temple of Confucius terrace tion tower town urban walled area Wang Wangcheng western Xian Yuan Zhou dynasty