The Late Byzantine Army: Arms and Society, 1204-1453

Mark C. Bartusis

University of Pennsylvania Press, 1997 - History - 464 pages

Mark C. Bartusis opens an extraordinary window on the Byzantine Empire during its last centuries by providing the first comprehensive treatment of the dying empire's military. The late Byzantine period was a time characterized by both civil strife and foreign invasion and framed by two cataclysmic events: the fall of Constantinople to the western Europeans in 1204 and again to the Ottoman Turks in 1453. While the army enjoyed a highly visible presence during this time, it was increasingly ineffective in defending the state. This failure is central to understanding the persistence of the western European crusader states in the Aegean, the advance of the Ottoman Turks into Europe, and the slow decline and eventual fall of the thousand-year Byzantine Empire. Using all of the available Greek, western European, Slavic, and Turkish sources, Bartusis describes the evolution of the army both as an institution and as an instrument of imperial policy. He considers the army's size, organization, administration, and varieties of soldiers, including discussions of campaigns, garrisons, finances, recruitment, and the military role of peasants, weapons, and equipment. He also examines Byzantine feudalism and the army's impact on the economy and society. Bartusis emphasizes that the corps of heavily armed mercenaries and soldiers probably never numbered more than several hundred. He further argues that the composition of the late Byzantine army had many parallels with the contemporary armies in western Europe, including the extensive use of soldier companies composed of foreign mercenaries. In a final analysis, he suggests that the death of Byzantium is attributable more to a shrinking fiscal base thanto any lack of creative military thinking on the part of its leaders. The Late Byzantine Army is a major work of scholarship that fills a gap in the understanding of the late Byzantine empire. It will be of interest to students and scholars of medieval and Byzantine institutional history.

What people are saying

User Review -

Superb. Admittedly the only book on the subject, it is still readable, nicely researched, and detailed. I've read it half a dozen times.

Contents

• The Setting the Questions and the Sources I: 1
• Part One The Army as Instrument of Policy: 19
• The Nicaean Period 120461: 21
• The Reign of Michael VIII Palaiologos 125982: 43
• The Reign of Andronikos II Palaiologos 12821328: 67
• The Era of the Civil Wars 132157: 85
• The Last Century 13571448: 103
• The Fall 145153: 120
• Part Two The Army as Institution: 137
• Mercenaries and Their Financing: 139
• Smallholding and Pronoia Soldiers and Their Financing: 157
• Professional Soldiers Military Units Recruitment: 191
• Peasants Retainers Servants: 213
• The Campaign: 235
• Palace Guard Garrisons Borders: 271
• Kastron Countryside: 306
• Weapons and Equipment: 322
• Soldiers Army Society: 342
• A List of Soldiers: 369
• Lists of Rulers: 384
• Index: 411

About the author

Mark C. Bartusis is Professor of History at Northern State University, Aberdeen, South Dakota.

Bibliographic information

• Title: The Late Byzantine Army: Arms and Society, 1204-1453; The Middle Ages Series, ISSN 2690-7682
• Author: Mark C. Bartusis
• Edition: reprint, revised
• Publisher: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1997
• ISBN: 0812216202, 9780812216202
• Length: 464 pages
• Subjects: History / Ancient / Rome; History / Europe / Medieval; History / Military / Wars & Conflicts (Other); Technology & Engineering / Military Science