A Geologic Time Scale 2004Felix M. Gradstein, James G. Ogg, Alan G. Smith "This book begins with an introduction to the theory and methodology behind the construction of the new time scale. The main part of the book is devoted to the scale itself, systematically presenting the standard subdivisions at all levels using a variety of correlation markers. Extensive use is made of stable and unstable isotope geochronology, geomathematics, and orbital tuning to produce a standard geologic scale of unprecedented detail and accuracy with a full error analysis. A wallchart summarizing the whole time scale, with paleogeographic reconstructions throughout the Phanerozoic is included in the back of the book. The time scale will be an invaluable reference source for academic and professional researchers and students."--BOOK JACKET. |
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Contents
Geological Survey of Canada LUCAS LOURENS | 4 |
ROGER A COOPER Sigwartstrasse | 10 |
J G OGG AND A G SMITH | 63 |
PARTI INTRODUCTION | 86 |
LAURENCE J ROBB Institute of Geological Sciences | 96 |
CONCEPTS AND METHODS | 102 |
49 | 111 |
3 | 132 |
141 | 307 |
55 | 379 |
3 | 407 |
202 | 409 |
222 | 441 |
4 | 458 |
Recommended color coding of stages | 465 |
5 | 469 |
6 | 139 |
4 | 143 |
graphic and quantitative methods | 165 |
Earths orbital parameters and cycle | 182 |
A HINNOV | 253 |
The Triassic Period | 271 |
Economic Geology Research Institute University College London | 275 |
9 | 294 |
Geomathematics | 485 |
525 | |
526 | |
534 | |
559 | |
577 | |
Other editions - View all
A Geologic Time Scale 2004 F. M. Gradstein,James George Ogg,Alan Gilbert Smith No preview available - 2004 |
A Geologic Time Scale 2004 F. M. Gradstein,James George Ogg,Alan Gilbert Smith No preview available - 2004 |
Common terms and phrases
2-sigma ammonite zone ammonoid appearance approximately Ar-Ar assigned associated base Basin biostratigraphic boundary calcareous calibration Cambrian carbon Carboniferous changes Chapter China composite conodont considered constrained correlation Cretaceous curve cycle dates defined definition derived detailed Devonian duration Early error estimated et al Europe extinction fauna Figure Formation fossil Furongian geological global graphic graptolite Group GSSP indicate interval isotope Italy Jurassic Kimmeridgian Late limestone lower lowest occurrence magnetic major marine marker method Middle named North oceanic Ordovician original Period Permian placed Pleistocene polarity Chron position precision present proposed province radiometric range record reference regional relative Rhuddanian rocks samples scale sequence Series Silurian southern spans species Stage stage boundaries standard strata stratigraphic stratotype studies substage subzones successions suggested System Table tion Tournaisian trends Triassic U-Pb uncertainty units Upper values western zircon zonation