Helicopter Aerodynamics Volume IThis is a collection of Ray Prouty's columns from Rotor and Wing magazine from 1979 to 1992. |
Contents
1 Answering Questions About Helicopters | 1 |
2 Progress In Helicopter Aerodynamics | 9 |
3 Hover Power | 13 |
4 Hover Figure of Merit Forward Flight Ratios | 19 |
5 Ground Effect in Hover | 25 |
6 Aerodynamic Environment at the Rotor Blade | 29 |
7 Is The Rotor A Gyro? | 37 |
8 The Rotor Wake | 39 |
54 Designing For Maneuverability | 305 |
55 Designing For High Speed | 311 |
56 Dynamic Inflow | 315 |
57 Mysteries About Inflow And Power | 319 |
58 Control Systems | 323 |
59 Directional Stability Autorotation Control Problems | 329 |
60 Stability Augmentation Systems | 333 |
61 FlyByWire | 337 |
9 VortexRing State | 43 |
10 Downwash Patterns | 49 |
11 Rotor Upwash | 57 |
12 Blade Flapping and Feathering | 63 |
13 Effects of Rotor Flapping | 71 |
14 Blade Stall | 79 |
15 The Search For A Stable Helicopter | 83 |
16 Static Stability | 87 |
17 Dynamic Stability | 97 |
18 Maximum Load Factor | 105 |
19 Forward Flight Performance | 109 |
20 Vertical Climbs and Descents | 117 |
21 Crosscoupling | 123 |
22 FieldOfView FieldOfFire | 127 |
23 Emergency Maneuvering | 131 |
24 Flying Qualities | 137 |
25 High Performance Takeoffs | 143 |
26 Translational Lift and Transverse Flow | 147 |
27 Low Speed Flight | 151 |
28 Turns Pullups and Pushovers | 161 |
29 Sideslip And Bank | 165 |
30 Maneuverability and Aerobatics | 169 |
31 Flying in Steady Winds | 179 |
32 Flight In Turbulent Air | 183 |
33 Angle Limitations | 185 |
34 Coping with a Power Failure | 187 |
35 Low Speed Power Failures | 193 |
36 Stretching the Glide | 197 |
37 Autorotation And Low Load Factors | 201 |
38 Instrument Flight | 205 |
39 External Loads | 209 |
40 Blade Tracking | 213 |
41 Tying The Helicopter Down | 217 |
42 Accidents Waiting to Happen | 219 |
43 HelicopterShip Operations | 225 |
44 Preliminary Design | 231 |
45 Axes Systems And Trim Considerations | 235 |
46 Main Rotor Design | 243 |
47 Tail Rotor Design | 261 |
48 Airfoils For Rotor Blades | 269 |
49 The LeadLag Hinge | 285 |
50 PitchLink Loads | 289 |
51 Considerations Of BladeHub Geometry | 293 |
52 Blade Anhedral | 297 |
53 Blade Strikes | 301 |
62 Smart Control Systems | 341 |
63 New Criteria for Flying Qualities | 347 |
64 Parameter Identification | 353 |
65 Computational Fluid Dynamics | 357 |
66 Aerodynamic Modifications | 361 |
67 Wind Tunnel Testing and Simulation | 365 |
68 Horizontal and Vertical Stabilizers | 375 |
69 TailBoom Strakes | 383 |
70 Landing Gear Choices | 387 |
71 Structural Loads and Component Lives | 391 |
72 Designing Reliable Helicopter Structural | 401 |
73 Airspeed Systems | 407 |
74 Icing and Deicing | 411 |
75 The Turbine Engine and the Helicopter | 417 |
76 Modern Turboshaft Speed Governing | 421 |
77 Engine Snow Protection | 425 |
78 Helicopter Noise | 429 |
79 Helicopter Noise Research | 433 |
80 Helicopter Vibration | 437 |
81 Vibration Sources | 443 |
82 Vibration Criteria | 449 |
83 Higher Harmonic Control | 453 |
84 Spiral Dives And Dutch Rolls | 457 |
85 Crashworthiness And Escape | 463 |
86 TipDriven Rotors | 467 |
Wing Or Rotor? | 473 |
88 Tandem Rotor Helicopters | 479 |
89 Coaxials and Synchropters | 483 |
90 Antitorque Schemes For Compound Helicopters | 489 |
91 Stopping a Rotor in Flight | 491 |
92 A New Look At The Autogyro | 495 |
93 Attempts To Revive The Autogyro | 499 |
94 Low Observables | 505 |
95 Windmills | 511 |
The First 50 Years | 515 |
97 The Hughes XH17 Flying Crane | 523 |
98 The Lockheed Experience | 531 |
99 Attack Helicopters | 549 |
100 The Mil Mi28 Havoc | 557 |
101 Evolution Of Sikorsky Tails | 561 |
102 Which Way Should The Rotor Turn? | 565 |
103 OneMan Helicopters | 573 |
104 Convertiplanes | 581 |
Common terms and phrases
aerodynamic aerodynamicist AH-64 Apache aircraft airfoil airplane airspeed altitude angle of attack Apache autogyro autorotation Bell blade area characteristics cockpit coefficient collective pitch configuration control system cyclic pitch decrease developed disc loading drag Dutch roll engine fenestron flight conditions flight tests flow forward flight forward speed frequency fuselage gross weight ground effect gyro helicopter rotor high speed horizontal stabilizer hover performance increase induced velocity installed knots landing gear level flight lift lift coefficient load factor Lockheed Mach number main rotor maneuver maximum motion nose nose-up nosedown operation oscillating pedal pilot pitching moment power required problem produce ratio result retreating blade retreating side rotation rotor blades rotor disc rotor speed rotor thrust shaft shown in Figure shows sideslip sideward flight Sikorsky steady stick swashplate synchropter tail boom tail rotor takeoff tilt tip speed tip vortices torque trim turn twist vibration vortex wake wind tunnel wing