The Interface Between Innate and Acquired ImmunityM.D. Cooper, H. Koprowski All multicellular organisms may possess innate immunity mediated by defense mechanisms with which the organism is born. In recent years much has been learned about the diversity of innate immune mechanisms. A large array of naturally produced antimicrobial peptides has been de fined. A variety of cell surface receptors that recognize common patterns displayed by infectious organisms have been identified along with the intracellular pathways that these receptors use to activate cellular defense functions. Cell surface receptors on natural killer (NK) cells have been shown to sense microbial invasion in neighboring cells, thereby setting into motion their elimination by cy totoxic mechanisms. Other receptors have been found to facilitate phagocytosis and intracellular killing of microbes by phagocytic cells. These and other natural defense mechanisms have traditionally been viewed as the first line of body defense in vertebrate species that also possess the capacity for acquired or adaptive immunity. Sharks and all of the other jawed vertebrates generate large repertoires of T and B lymphocyte clones that display different antigen specific receptors in the form ofT cell receptors (TCR) and immunoglobulins (Ig) that allow them to recognize and respond to antigens in collaboration with antigen-present ing cells. Memory T and B cells are then generated to allow faster and heightened cellular and humoral immune re sponses on secondary antigen encounter. In recent years it has also become obvious that innate immune responses can directly influence adaptive immune responses in ways that will enhance body defense. |
Contents
Role of TNF Super Family Members | 1 |
Beyond the NK Cell Scope | 11 |
Checkpoints in the Regulation of T Helper 1 Responses | 23 |
The Role of Complement in Innate and Adaptive Immunity | 41 |
Several MHCLinked Ig Superfamily Genes Have Features of Ancestral AntigenSpecific Receptor Genes | 57 |
Acquired Immunity for Controlling Papaya Ringspot Virus | 73 |
Fc Receptor Homologs FcRHl5 Extend the Fc Receptor Family | 85 |
| 113 | |
Other editions - View all
The Interface Between Innate and Acquired Immunity M.D. Cooper,H. Koprowski No preview available - 2012 |
The Interface Between Innate and Acquired Immunity M.D. Cooper,H. Koprowski No preview available - 2010 |
Common terms and phrases
Acad Sci USA adaptive immunity amino acid antibody antigen apoptosis autoimmune B-1 cells B-cell Biassoni binding Biol Bottino cell activation characterized chromosome class I molecules cloning coat protein gene complement system complex cytokine cytoplasmic dendritic cells diabetes encoded exon expression extracellular Fc receptor FcaR FCRH family members FcRH1 FcRH2 FcRH3 FcRH4 FcRH5 FcyRIII figs Flavell function genome GONSALVES HLA class Homo sapiens homologous human identified IFN-y production Ig-like domains Igsf immune response immune system immunoglobulin superfamily induce infection inhibitory receptor interaction interleukin ISBN islet ITAM ITIM ligand lymphocytes mediated MHC class mice Mingari MC molecular Moretta motifs mouse myeloid Natl Acad Sci natural killer cells NK cells NOD mice O'Garra papaya ringspot virus paralogues PASQUIER pathogens plants Proc Natl Acad PRSV Ravetch region regulation resistance role sequence STAT6 structure tapasin Th1 cells transcription factor transgenic papaya transmembrane tumor viral Volanakis