Nonsurgical Management of the Multiply-operated TMD Patient |
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Acad Sci activity acupuncture administered agents allodynia amitriptyline analgesia analgesic effects analgesic response anandamide anesthetics antinociceptive antinociceptive effect arachidonic acid assess baclofen behavior biofeedback Brain Res bupivacaine chronic pain chronic pain patients Clin clinicians cyclooxygenase Dent Res dental desipramine dose double-blind drug dysfunction efficacy evidence GABA receptor gabapentin hyperalgesia inflammatory inhibit inhibitor injection intrathecal intravenous lidocaine leukotriene lidocaine local anesthetics mandibular mechanism ment Milam models morphine multiply-operated patients multiply-operated TMD patient muscle nerve neural neuropathic pain neuropeptides NMDA nociceptive nonopioid analgesics operated TMD patient opiate opioid therapy Oral Maxillofac Surg pain management pain relief pathway peripheral pharmacologic physical therapy placebo post-surgical preemptive analgesia produce prostaglandins Prosth Dent reduce regional anesthesia reuptake serotonin side effects significant sodium channels spinal cord stellate ganglion stimulation subjects suppress surgical syndrome synovial fluid systemically-administered temporomandibular joint tion tissues TMD pain TMJ surgeries treatment tricyclic antidepressants