An Inventory of the Minds of Individuals of Six and Seven Years Mental Age, Issue 134

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Teachers college, Columbia university, 1923 - Child development - 6 pages

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Page 2 - Its tendency to take and maintain a definite direction; (2) the capacity to make adaptations for the purpose of attaining a desired end; and ( 3 ) the power of auto-criticism.
Page 8 - Every teacher on starting with a new class or in a new locality, to make sure that his efforts along some lines are not utterly lost, should undertake to explore carefully, section by section, children's minds...
Page 8 - Hall says that from the foregoing tables " it seems not too much to infer: (1) That there is next to nothing of pedagogic value the knowledge of which it is safe to assume at the outset of school-life. Hence the need of objects and the danger of books and word cram. Hence many of the best primary teachers in Germany spend from two to four or even six months in talking of objects and drawing them before any beginning of what we till lately have regarded as primary-school work.
Page 38 - Were the situation so utterly new as to be in no respect like anything responded to before, and also so foreign to man's equipment as neither to arouse an original tendency to respond nor to be like anything else that could do so, response by analogy would fail. For all response would fail. Man's nature would simply be forever blind and deaf to the situation in question.
Page 9 - The concepts which are most common in the children of a given locality are the earliest to be acquired, while the rarer ones are later. This order may generally be assumed in teaching as a natural one, eg apples first and wheat last (Cf.
Page 8 - But especially, to yield most practical results, they should lie within the range of what children are commonly supposed or at least desired or expected, by teachers and by those who write primary textbooks and prescribe courses of instruction, to know. Many preliminary half-days of questioning small groups of children and receiving suggestions from many sources, and the use of many primers, object-lesson courses, etc., now in use in this country, were necessary before the tirst provisional list...
Page 8 - ... on starting with a new class or in a new locality to make sure that his efforts along some lines are not utterly lost, should undertake to explore carefully, section by section, children's minds with all the tact and ingenuity he can command and acquire, to determine exactly what is shown; and every normal-school pupil should undertake work of the same kind as an essential part of his training.
Page 38 - There is no arbitrary hocus pocus whereby man's nature acts in an unpredictable spasm when he is confronted with a new situation. His habits do not then retire to some convenient distance while some new and mysterious entities direct his behavior. On the contrary, nowhere are the bonds acquired with old situations more surely revealed in action than when a new situation appears.
Page 8 - Only 43 per cent. of the city children had ever been to any other town or village, only 18 per cent. had seen the castle near by, and knowledge of colors was as follows, beginning with those best known and ending with the least known : black, white, red, green, blue, yellow. The ignorance of city children shows the utility of school excursions. Girls had seen, heard, and experienced less than boys of all the seventeen subjects of inquiry save the " dear God," of whom they knew more than the boys.
Page 41 - ... the planning and direction of farm work calls for much more than simple muscular effort. (2) In the next group belong those who, while not needing specialized skill, yet bear some responsibility, and must have some alertness of mind. Such, for example, are motormen on the street railways. Most miners belong here, certainly in England and in Germany. In the United States, there has indeed been a tendency (except where machinery is used under ground) to put coal mining into the hands of unskilled...

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