Peacemaking in Early Modern Europe: Cardinal Mazarin and the Congress of Westphalia, 1643-1648In 1648, France signed the Peace of Westphalia, extending its borders to the Rhine and ending a long conflict with the Holy Roman Empire. Croxton pays particular attention to the effect of the military campaigns on the negotiations, showing that Mazarin had a realistic grasp of the strategic situation. |
Contents
Preface | 7 |
Acknowledgments | 13 |
Negotiating While Fighting | 21 |
Copyright | |
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advance advantage agreed allies already Alsace April APW II army attack August battle Bavarian beginning Breisach Brienne campaign cavalry chapter commander concerned considered continued court d'Avaux December decision defensive demands Dutch emperor Empire enemy Enghien estates example fact February felt fols forces fortress France France's Freiburg French further gain garrison German give going Habsburgs hoped Imperial important interests Italy January July June least less letter Longueville Louis XIV March Maximilian Mazarin Mazarin to Longueville military Münster negotiations noted November October offer orders Oxenstierna Paris peace Philippsburg plenipotentiaries plenipotentiaries to Brienne position possible problem proposed quarters reason remained Rhine RIVER seems sent separate September September 1646 Servien Servien to Lionne siege situation Spain Spanish strategy success supply Sweden Swedish talks territory tion towns treaty troops truce Turenne Turenne's wanted wrote