3-D Seismic ExplorationRobert J. Graebner, Bob Adrian Hardage, William Aeppli Schneider The 3D seismic method evolved as a natural outgrowth of 2D seismic exploration. This reprint volume attempts to chronicle both the evolution and the state-of-the-art of the 3D seismic method. Papers selected for this volume sample the literature from the early 1970s through 1998. They were drawn primarily from Geophysics, Geophysical Prospecting, The Leading Edge, and First Break. From these journals and publications alone, more than 200 candidate articles were identified dealing with some aspect of 3D seismic exploration. Selection criteria included historical significance, tutorial value, novelty, theoretical importance, practicality, and cost-benefit analysis. The papers are arranged chronologically. The papers in this volume and their rich reference lists cover virtually all of the relevant work on exploration 3D through 1998. The chapters are "The Early Work," "3-D Field Methods," "3-D Processing Imaging," "3-D Case Histories/Interpretation," "Shallow 3-D Seismic Methods," and "3-D Economics." |
Contents
The Early Work | 2 |
Apparent velocity from dipping interface reflections | 19 |
Threedimensional seismic method | 26 |
Copyright | |
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Common terms and phrases
3-D data 3-D migration 3-D prestack 3-D survey acquisition algorithm amplitude applied approximately azimuth channel coefficients computed crossline data set data volume depositional diffraction direction display Expanded Abstracts Expl fault field filter Fourier frequency Fresnel zone function geologic geometry geophone Geophys Geophysics grid Gulf of Mexico horizon impulse response inline integral interpretation interval inversion isochron layer method midpoint Miocene moveout NMO velocity offset P-wave parameters plane Pliocene poststack prestack depth migration prestack migration processing Radon transform ray tracing raypath receiver lines recorded reflector reservoir salt salt dome sampling sand seismic reflection seismic survey sequence shot shown in Figure shows source-receiver spacing spatial stack stratal slice stratal surfaces stratigraphic structure subsalt subsurface synthetic t-x prediction technique thin-bed tion traces traveltime turning waves two-pass values velocity model vertical voxel wavefield wavelet wavenumber zero-offset zone