Solar Variability and Long-term Trends in the Ionosphere |
Contents
Contents of this thesis | 1 |
Reconstructions of sunspot numbers | 15 |
Trends and Errors | 22 |
Copyright | |
7 other sections not shown
Common terms and phrases
absorption amplitude annual variation Argentine Islands Bilitza Bradley and Dudeney Bremer changes climate cm radio flux computed cooling correlation critical frequencies curve Dudeney EISCAT electron density empirical formulae estimates F2 layer F2 peak F2-layer peak height F2-peak height Figure Finland flux emission rates foF2 Geophys global greenhouse effect greenhouse gases group sunspot numbers Height in km hm F2 hmF2 hpF2 ionograms ionosonde ionosonde data ionospheric Juliusruh km/a latitude layer peak height linear trend long-term trends Maunder Maunder Minimum maxima maximum median lengths median method mesosphere mid-latitude minimum MUF factor NGDC Nurmijärvi observed obtained parameters Phys Port Stanley radio flux emission riometers Rishbeth scaled semiannual variation Shimazaki 1955 Sodankylä solar activity solar cycle solar cycle length stations sunspot cycle length sunspot minima sunspot numbers Table temperature thermosphere Titheridge trend estimates Ulich Ulich and Turunen upper atmosphere values W/m²