Silences and Soundbites: The Gendered Dynamics of Trade and Brokerage in the Pre-colonial Guinea Bissau Region"Set in the pre-colonial Guinea Bissau region, Silences and Soundbytes deals with the largely ignored roles women - and men - played as traders and brokers in Afro-Atlantic trade settlements emerged after first contact in the fifteenth century. Largely based upon unpublished archival material, the book traces the evolution of these riverine settlements and their populations until the military occupation by Portugal in the early twentieth century. It holds that the formation of settlement communities that operated the relay trade along the region's many rivers between the region's hinterland and the coast created opportunities for enterprising and well-connected women. " |
Contents
III5 Resisting persecution | 177 |
III6 Gendered spaces | 183 |
III7 Contemporary role patterns | 188 |
III8 Conclusions | 196 |
The Transition from slave trade to ponta economy Ña Rosa Carvalho de Alvarenga | 198 |
Rosa de Carvalho Alvarenga | 199 |
Honório Pereira Barreto | 210 |
an economy in transition | 220 |
| 73 | |
| 77 | |
I11 Conclusions | 82 |
Weaving Webs interaction between rural and settlement communities | 84 |
II2 Terminology | 85 |
II3 The FelupeDjóla | 87 |
II4 The Balanta | 93 |
II5 The Bañun | 97 |
II6 The Biafada | 101 |
II7 The Pepel Manjaku and Mankañe | 105 |
II8 The Bijagó | 112 |
II9 The Nalú | 116 |
II10 The SoninkéMandinga | 118 |
II11 The Fula | 123 |
II12 The Kriston | 127 |
II13 Conclusions | 144 |
Witchcraft Politics and Gender the emergence of women in the AfroAtlantic connection | 146 |
Crispina Peres | 147 |
Bibiana Vaz | 160 |
III4 Rising tensions | 170 |
IV5 Patterns of inheritance | 228 |
IV6 Shifting representations | 235 |
signares and senoras | 241 |
IV8 Conclusions | 251 |
Ña Júlia and Ña Aurélia groundnuts and the consolidation of the ponta system | 253 |
Júlia da Silva Cardoso | 254 |
Aurélia Correia | 265 |
V4 The New Brazil | 285 |
V5 Stratifying gender relations | 295 |
V6 Conclusions | 305 |
Conflict Colonialism and the Decline of the Ñara | 307 |
VI2 Changing fortunes | 308 |
VI3 The disempowerment of women traders | 319 |
the end of the groundnut boom | 328 |
VI5 Conclusions | 339 |
Conclusions | 341 |
Glossary | 353 |
Archival sources | 358 |
Bibliography | 367 |
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Common terms and phrases
Afro-Atlantic Alvarenga António Atlantic Balanta Bañun Barros Biafada Bibiana Bijagó Bijagó islands Bissau region BOGP Bolama Cabo Verde Cacheu Cacheu River Cape Verde islands Cape Verdean Carreira Carvalho Casamance Christians coastal colonial commercial Correia Correspondência Creole Crispina cultivation Dona economic European export crops Farim Felupe female French Fula Gallinhas Gambia Gambia River garrison towns Geba Geba River gender Gorée governor groundnuts grumetes Guiné Guinea coast Guinea-Bissau region gurmetu heathen História Ibid Ibidem inhabitants José Júlia Kaabú Kañabak Kriol Kriston communities lineages Lisbon male Mandinga Manjaku mankara Mattos Mota Ña Aurélia Ña Rosa's Nalú ñara neighbouring networks nineteenth century Nozolini Nunez River official oloño Pasta Pepel Pereira Barreto political pontas population Portugal Portuguese authorities pre-colonial relations residents rice River riverine role Rosa Senegal seventeenth century signares Silva slave trade social Soninké sources tchon trade settlements trading house tungumá women traders Ziguinchor