Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History, Volume 11The Laboratory, 1915 - Natural history |
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abundant adult amount animals Asclepias associated bark Bates woods beetle Bloomington bordering Bull Butterfly caterpillar cent changes Charleston cleared colony common dead decaying eggs Enlarged Eryngium yuccifolium evaporation Fabr feed feet female flowers formed gall gives glade grass Grasshopper ground habitat habits hickory Illinois important inches indicated influence insects July June kinds known land larva larvæ layer leaves live lowland male margin milkweed moisture moth nest observations parasitic places plants PLATE prairie probably pupa ravine records region relations relative reported Riley season shown shows slope soil species specimen spider stage Station stream stump surface swamp T. L. Hankinson taken temperature tion trees U. S. Dept upland forest vegetation wasp
Popular passages
Page 250 - Catalog of the exhibit of insect enemies of forests and forest products at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, St. Louis, Missouri.
Page 158 - ... and lodging — two or three Coleoptera — a Psocus (Pseudoneuroptera) — a Heteropterous insect found abundantly in several other willow-galls — an Aphis which is also found on the leaves of the willow, but...
Page 250 - Insect Enemies of the Pine in the Black Hills Forest Reserve. An Account of Results of Special Investigations, with Recommendations for Preventing Losses. Prepared under the direction of the Entomologist. By AD Hopkins, Ph. D., Vice-Director and Entomologist of the West Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station.
Page 130 - Another case almost exactly similar is reported by Mr. Barlow. In this instance the building of a dam resulted in the submerging of the ground about an oak tree during several months of every summer, ultimately resulting in the death of the tree. This went on for several years, until the dam was washed away by a freshet, when digging beneath the tree led to the discovery of the Cicada larvae in apparently healthy condition from 12 to 18 inches below the natural surface of the ground.
Page 131 - Cicada larvae in apparently healthy condition from 12 to 18 inches below the natural surface of the ground. In both of these instances the ground may have been nearly impervious, so that the water did not reach the insects nor entirely kill all of the root growth in the submerged soil.
Page 87 - ... especially during the warm season of the year when the surface of the soil is heated. Soil covered only with a dead vegetable cover evaporates moisture much more slowly than a bare soil or an open water surface. On the other hand, a soil with a living vegetal cover loses moisture, both through direct evaporation and absorption by its vegetation, much faster than bare, moist soil. The more highly developed the vegetal cover the faster is moisture extracted from the soil and given off into the...
Page 151 - ... resting stage, or pupa, which transforms to the adult beetle. Often all stages, from very young grubs only about one-fourth inch long to full-grown grubs over 1 inch long, pupae, and adults in all stages to maturity are present in the same pole. Adults have been found flying from July to September. The insect attacks poles that are perfectly sound, but will work where the wood is decayed ; it will not, however, work in wood that is "sobby" (wet rot), or in very "doty
Page 89 - ... conditions of temperature, pressure, porosity, and concentration of carbonic acid. (8) We have compared the linear velocities of diffusion and barometric transpiration, and hence — (9) We have shown that the escape of carbonic acid from the soil and its replacement by oxygen take place by diffusion and are determined by the conditions which affect diffusion, and are sensibly independent of the variations of the outside barometric pressure.
Page 158 - ... but scarcely ever penetrating into the central cell, so as to destroy the larva that provides them with food and lodging — two or three...
Page 132 - ... vegetation must have been entirely removed. An instance of a few weeks acceleration under outdoor conditions is given by Mr. Schwarz." Commenting on the slightly earlier emergence of individuals of Brood XIV near Harpers Ferry, W. Va., in 1889, in a small clearing surrounded by woods, Mr. Schwarz urges that a clearing made in the midst of a dense forest forms a natural hothouse, the soil receiving in such places much more warmth than in the shady woods. That the cicadas should appear a little...
Bibliographic information
| Title | Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History, Volume 11 Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History, Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History |
| Contributor | Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History |
| Publisher | The Laboratory, 1915 |
| Original from | the University of California |
| Digitized | Dec 22, 2007 |
| Export Citation | BiBTeX EndNote RefMan |