Elementary Microscopical Technology: A Manual for Students of Microscopy. In Three Parts. Part I. The Technical History of a Slide from the Crude Materials to the Finished Mount |
Common terms and phrases
absolute alcohol agent air bubbles allowed to dry anilin apparatus applied arabicin areolated balsam mounts Bausch & Lomb benzol blade borax Canada balsam cell wall celloidin chemical chloride chloroform chromic acid clean color cork cover cover-glass damar delicate described dilute dissolved distilled water drams dried drop of glycerin edge embedding material ether filter finished form of microtome gelatin glycerin Gold chloride grains hard hardening heat histological immersed inch instrument Logwood manipulations mass matter melted method microscopical technology microscopist microtome mixture mounting medium object oil of turpentine operator Osmic acid ounce of distilled paraffin picric acid picro-carmine placed precaution prepared purpose removed resinous ring rinsed saturated solution section cutter section cutting section knife shellac slide soft softening solid soluble specimen staining stopper student sufficient surface surplus thickness thin tion tissues tube turn-table varnish vessel washed water bath zinc cement
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Page 51 - normously under this treatment, and hence the necessity for a large capsule. The whole of the acid being added, cover closely and let stand for 24 hours. At the end of this time add 3 ounces of distilled water, transfer the mixture to a tall flask, and let •stand for 4 days, giving the flask an occasional shake in the interim. A magnificent blue color is now attained, but its acidity is so great that it cannot be used in this shape, and therefore a strong solution of sodium carbonate must be added.
Page 76 - This fluid comes at the very head of the list of those media which may be used under almost all circumstances When pure it is a colorless, odorless fluid, of a syrupy consistence, oily to the touch, and very hygroscopic — absorbing water with great avidity from everything with which it comes in contact and which contains that fluid. It is neutral in its reactions, soluble in water and alcohol in all proportions, but insoluble in ether, chloroform, turpentine, or benzol, or the fixed oils. Its specific...
Page 23 - For the hardening of the softer parts of the organic matrix being freed from lime) chromic acid should be used. In the case of small bones, such as the cochlea of the ear, a one-half of one per cent solution of chromic acid will not only dissolve the lime but at the same time harden the matrix. Larger masses of bones require the addition of nitric or hydrochloric...
Page 49 - ... log-wood are prone to decompose, even when the utmost care has been expended in preparing them, the following alcoholic solution will be found to improve with age: Make a saturated solution of calcium chloride in alcohol of 70°, and another of alum in alcohol of the same strength. Mix the two solutions in the proportion of 1 part of the former to 7 parts of the latter. Make a saturated solution of extract of...
Page 24 - ... proportion being 2 per cent nitric or 5 per cent of hydrochloric. By some investigators the acids are mixed at the beginning of the process, but others recommend that the bone should lie in the chromic acid solution for a week or ten days before the second acid is added. If the softening be not complete in a month, more acid must be added. When thoroughly decalcified the matrix must be transferred to alcohol and kept in it until needed for section cutting.
Page 12 - ... pathological specimen, a tumor for instance, recently removed. It is plain that the direct examination of such an object can only be made with very low magnifying powers, such, for instance, as may be obtained by the use of a pocket magnifier' or Coddington lens. In order to reach the histological elements we must use high powers, and these can only be used by transmitted light — that is, light sent through the object to be examined. We must therefore contrive a method by which the object,...
Page 12 - ... progress of the wort § VI. We will suppose the object to be a pathological specimen, a tumor for instance, recently removed. It is plain that the direct examination of ..uch an object can only be made with very low magnifying powers, such for instance, as may be obtained by the use of a pocket...
Page 47 - Filter and rack off into small bottles with well ground glass 'stoppers. Properly prepared this solution will keep an indefinite period without thickening or precipitation. If, however, it should show any signs of separation this process may be corrected by the addition of a few drops of ammonia. This stain may be used either full strength or diluted, as explained hereafter. 2. Borax Carmine.
Page 51 - This addition must be made very cautiously, a little at a time and with frequent testing, as an excess of the alkali causes the indigo to separate in a doughy mass. Filter the neutralized solution and evaporate to dryness in a water bath, with a low heat. The resultant powder is sulph-indigotate of sodium. To make the staining solution, dissolve 1 part of 'the powder in 50 parts of distilled water. 3. Chloride of Gold.— Dissolve 10 grains of gold chloride in 1 ounce of distilled water. Keep in...
Page 32 - ... hour or two, then for the same period in strong ether, then for six hours in the thin solution and for the same time in the thick solution. A good cork must also be soaked in some absolute alcohol, and when ready to embed, this cork is taken and a small quantity of the thick solution placed on one end of it and allowed to dry until it is well stiffened. Then the specimen, with as much of the thick solution as will adhere to it, is placed on this and allowed to dry partially, when another coating...