The English Rising of 1381R. H. Hilton, T. H. Aston This book contains eight articles, six of which are based on papers contributed to a commemoration conference organised by the Past and Present Society in 1981. Two further articles and an introduction are contributed by other experts. They explore the various dimensions of the rising of 1381: the discontent of peasants and townspeople who became politicised in response to government tax demands; reasons for the attitudes of the subordinated classes to the law, which they perceived as being the instrument of their oppressors; the response of the ruling class and its government to one of the most coherent challenges to feudal order in the Middle Ages. In addition, two contributions on social movements in fourteenth-century France and Italy show that the rising can be regarded as a symptom of the general crisis of European feudal society in the later Middle Ages. |
Contents
Introduction page | 1 |
Revolt of 1381 | 9 |
The Great Rumour of 1377 and Peasant Ideology | 43 |
The Jacquerie | 74 |
English Urban Society and the Revolt of 1381 | 84 |
The Risings in York Beverley and Scarborough | 137 |
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Abbey ancient demesne Anonimalle Chronicle artisans bailiffs Beverley Black Death borough burgesses Bury St Edmunds Canterbury charters Chertsey Abbey chief pledges Ciompi commissions Commons conflict conspiracy counties countryside court rolls Crondall D/DP demands demesne Domesday Book economic élite England English Essex estates Etienne Marcel evidence exemplifications eyre Finberg Florence Florentine Galbraith History Ibid indictments insurrection involved Jacquerie John June jurors Kent king King's Bench land landlords late fourteenth century London lords lordship manors nobility nobles Oxford oyer and terminer parliament peace Peasants petition Podestà political poll-tax Putnam R. H. Hilton rebellion rebels records rent Réville and Petit-Dutaillis Revolt of 1381 Richard riots Rising of 1381 Rotuli Parliamentorum royal justices rural Scarborough seigneurial serfs social society soulèvement des travailleurs St Albans Statute of Labourers Suffolk Surrey taxation tenants tenure Thomas tion town townsmen trailbaston urban village villeins vols Walsingham Wilts Winchester York