Neuroradiology Companion: Methods, Guidelines, and Imaging Fundamentals

Mauricio Castillo

Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006 - Medical - 428 pages

The Third Edition of this popular quick reference features 653 brand-new illustrations and state-of-the-art protocols for brain, spine, and head and neck imaging examinations. The first part presents up-to-date protocols for CT, MRI, myelography, and neuroangiography and guidelines on drugs used in neuroimaging. The second part presents images of all common pathologic entities, along with succinct, bulleted "key facts" about radiologic diagnosis.

This edition has new chapters on the brachial plexus, degenerative and iatrogenic brain disorders, and metabolic brain disorders. New entities have been added to many chapters, particularly those on brain trauma, stroke, infections and inflammations, and the orbits.

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RC349.R3C37 2006

Contents

• Imaging Protocols and Guidelines: 1
• Computed Tomography Protocols: 3
• Paranasal Sinus Screening No Contrast: 4
• Paranasal Sinuses Preoperative for Computer Navigation: 5
• Orbits: 6
• Craniosynostosis: 7
• CT Perfusion: 8
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging Protocols: 9
• Myelography: 16
• Lumbar Myelograms: 18
• Postmyelogram Orders: 19
• Diagnostic Catheter Angiography: 21
• Sedation and Anxiolysis: 26
• Postprocedure Care: 31
• Adults: 32
• Drugs Important in Neuroimaging: 33
• SUGGESTED MANAGEMENT OF ACUTE ALLERGIC REACTIONS: 34
• ENDOTRACHEAL TUBES: 35
• MEDICATIONS GENERIC NAMES THAT MAY LOWER SEIZURE THRESHOLD: 36
• Antidepressants: 37
• Common Medications That Contain Nonsteroidal AntiInflammatory Agents and May Affect Coagulation Trade Names: 38
• MRI Compatibility Issues: 39
• Imaging Fundamentals: 41
• Brain: 43
• Trauma: 44
• Epidural Hematoma: 46
• Subdural Hematoma and Hygroma: 47
• Diffuse Axonal Injury and Intermediary Injuries: 49
• Contusions: 51
• Traumatic Subarchnoid Hemorrhage SAH: 52
• Child Abuse: 54
• Pneumocephalus: 56
• Arterial Dissection: 57
• Stroke: 59
• Subacute Middle Cerebral Artery Infarction CT: 61
• Acute Middle Cerebral Artery Infarction MRI: 62
• Subacute Middle Cerebral Artery Infarction MRI: 64
• Acute Anterior and Posterior Cerebral Artery Infarctions: 66
• Lacunar Infarctions: 67
• Watershed Infarctions: 69
• Hemorrhagic Infarctions and Hemorrhagic Transformation: 70
• Wallerian Degeneration: 71
• Acute Cerebellar Infarctions: 73
• Basilar Artery Thrombosis: 74
• Generalized Brain HypoxiaIschemia: 76
• Cortical Vein Thrombosis: 78
• Superficial Venous Sinus Thrombosis: 79
• Deep Venous System Occlusion: 81
• Corpus Callosum Infarctions: 82
• Hypertensive Encephalopathy: 84
• Cerebral Vasculitis: 86
• Moyamoya: 87
• CADASIL: 89
• Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis: 90
• Fibromuscular Dysplasia: 92
• Nontraumatic Hemorrhages: 93
• Intracerebral Hemorrhage MRI: 95
• Germinal Matrix Hemorrhage: 97
• Periventricular Leukomalacia: 98
• Aneurysms: 99
• Posterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm: 101
• Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysm: 102
• Basilar Artery Tip Aneurysm: 103
• Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Aneurysm: 104
• Multiple Intracranial Aneurysms: 105
• Posttraumatic Aneurysms Pseudoaneurysms: 106
• Giant Aneurysm: 107
• Vascular Malformations: 108
• Cavernous Malformation: 110
• Venous Malformation: 112
• Capillary Telangiectasia: 113
• Dural Arteriovenous Malformation and Fistula: 115
• Carotid ArteryCavernous Sinus Fistula: 116
• Vein of Galen Malformation: 118
• ExtraAxial Tumors: 119
• Meningioma: 121
• Dermoid: 123
• Lipoma: 124
• Choroid Plexus Tumors: 126
• Pituitary Adenoma: 128
• Craniopharyngioma: 129
• Pineal Gland Tumors: 130
• Colloid Cyst: 132
• Arachnoid Cyst: 134
• IntraAxial Tumors: 135
• Anaplastic Astrocytoma WHO Grade 3: 137
• Glioblastoma Multiforme WHO Grade 4: 138
• Gliomatosis Cerebri: 139
• Oligodendroglioma WHO Grade 2: 140
• Ependymoma WHO Grades 2 and 3: 142
• Neuronal Cell Tumors: 143
• Metastases: 144
• Lymphoma Primary: 146
• INFRATENTORIAL TUMORS: 147
• Brain Stem Astrocytoma: 148
• Medulloblastoma PNETMB WHO grade 4: 149
• Hemangioblastoma WHO grade 1: 150
• Dysplastic Cerebellar Gangliocytoma LlhermitteDuclos disease: 151
• Infections and Inflammations: 152
• Meningitis Complicated: 154
• Cerebral Abscess: 155
• Viral Encephalitis: 157
• Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: 159
• Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: 160
• Toxoplasmosis: 161
• Cryptococcus: 163
• Tuberculosis: 164
• Cysticercosis: 165
• Sarcoidosis: 167
• Multiple Sclerosis: 168
• Disseminated Encephalomyelitis: 170
• CreutzfeldtJakob Disease: 171
• Rasmussen Encephalitis: 172
• Leukodystrophies: 173
• Metachromatic Leukodystrophy: 175
• Alexander Disease: 176
• Canavan Disease: 177
• Krabbe Disease: 178
• PelizaeusMerzbacher Disease: 179
• Metabolic Disorders: 180
• Mucopolysaccharidoses: 182
• Mitochondrial Disorders: 183
• Wilson Disease Hepatolenticular Degeneration: 184
• Wernicke Encephalopathy and Other AlcoholRelated Disorders: 185
• Cerebral Calcifications: 186
• Degenerative and Introgenic Disorders: 187
• Hippocampal Sclerosis: 189
• Huntington Disease Chorea: 190
• Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: 191
• Alzheimer Disease: 192
• Multisystem Atrophy: 193
• Carbon Monoxide and Methanol Intoxication: 195
• Radiation Injury: 196
• Liver Failure and Total Parenteral Nutrition: 198
• Pontine and Extrapontine Osmotic Myelinolysis: 199
• Hyperglycemia: 200
• Intracranial Hypotension: 201
• Congenital Malformations: 202
• Chiari Malformation Type I: 204
• Chiari Malformation Type II: 205
• Occipital and Parietal Encephalocele: 207
• Sincipital Encephalocele: 208
• DandyWalker Complex: 209
• Agenesis of Corpus Callosum: 210
• SeptoOptic Dysplasia: 212
• Holoprosencephaly: 213
• Schizencephaly: 215
• AgyriaPachygyria Complex and Band Heterotopia: 216
• Focal Gray Matter Heterotopia: 217
• Cortical Dysplasias: 218
• Neurocutaneous Syndromes: 220
• Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Myelin Vacuolization: 222
• Neurofibromatosis Type 1 and 2 Spine Abnormalities: 223
• Neurofibromatosis Type 2 Schwannomas and Meninglomas: 224
• Tuberous Sclerosis Hamartomas: 226
• Tuberous Sclerosis Subpendymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma: 228
• Von HippelLindau Disease: 229
• SturgeWeber Syndrome: 231
• Spine: 233
• Degenerative Disease: 234
• Schmoral Nodes: 236
• Herniated Disc Lumbar Spine: 238
• Herniated Disc Free Fragment Lumbar Spine: 240
• Herniated Disc Cervical Spine: 241
• Recurrent and Residual Herniated Disc Lumbar Spine: 242
• Postsurgical Epidural Fibrosis Lumbar Spine: 243
• Arachnoiditis: 244
• Enhancing Lumbar Nerve Root Related to Degenerative Disease: 245
• Facet Cysts Lumbar Spine: 246
• Spondylolysis Lumbar Spine: 247
• Ossified Posterior Longitudinal Ligament: 248
• Paget Disease: 250
• Tumor and Tumorlike Conditions: 251
• Spinal Cord and Leptomeningeal Metastases: 253
• Spinal Cord and Astrocytoma: 255
• Spinal Cord Ependymoma: 257
• Spinal Schwannoma and Meningioma: 258
• Vertebral Body Hemangioma: 260
• Aneurysmal Bone Cyst: 262
• Osteoid Osteoma: 263
• Eosinophilic Granuloma: 264
• Chordoma: 265
• Spinal Cord Cysts Nonneoplastic: 267
• Perineural Tarlovs Cysts: 269
• Epidural Lipomatosis: 271
• Vascular Disorders: 272
• Spinal Cord Arteriovenous Malformations: 274
• Spinal Arteriovenous Fistula: 275
• Spinal Cord Infraction: 277
• Spinal Epidural and Subdural Hematoma: 278
• Infections and Inflammations: 280
• Spondylitis and Discitis Pyogenic: 282
• Epidural and Subdural Abscesses: 284
• Tuberculosis: 285
• GuillainBarre Syndrome: 287
• Hypertrophic Polyneuropathies: 288
• Rheumatoid Arthritis: 290
• Trauma: 292
• Jefferson Fracture: 294
• Odontoid Fractures: 295
• Hangman Fracture: 296
• Unilateral Facet Dislocation: 298
• Bilateral Facet Dislocation: 299
• Benign Compression Fracture: 301
• Pathologic Malignant Compression Fracture: 303
• ChanceType Fractures: 304
• Spinal Cord Contusion: 305
• Acute Traumatic Spinal Cord Hematoma and Transection: 306
• Congenital Malformations: 308
• Lipomyelomeningocele: 310
• Lipomas: 311
• Dermoid and Epidermoid: 313
• Diastematomyelia: 315
• Caudal Agenesis Syndrome: 317
• Brachial Plexus: 318
• Brachial Plexus Schwannoma: 319
• Brachial Plexus Plexiform Neurofibroma: 320
• Brachial Plexus Lipoma and Liposarcoma: 321
• Brachial Plexus Metastases: 322
• Pancoast Tumor Involving the Brachial Plexus: 323
• Vascular Injuries and the Brachial Plexus: 324
• Viral and Idiopathic Plexitis: 325
• RadiationInduced Brachial Plexitis: 326
• Head and Neck: 327
• Neck Masses: 328
• Parapharyngeal Space Masses: 330
• Parotid Space Masses: 331
• Retropharyngeal Space Masses: 332
• Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Space Masses: 334
• Masticator Space Masses: 336
• Buccal Space Masses: 337
• Sublingual and Submandibular Space Masses: 339
• Nodal Metastases: 341
• Carotid Space Masses: 343
• Laryngeal Masses: 345
• Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma: 346
• Paraganglioma: 347
• Hemangioma: 348
• VenoLymphatic Malformation: 349
• Branchial Cleft Cyst: 350
• Thyroglossal Duct Cyst: 351
• Thyroid Masses: 352
• Sialolithiasis: 354
• Tornwaldt Cyst: 356
• Fissural Cysts: 357
• Sinonasal Cavities: 359
• Ostiomeatal Unit Obstruction: 361
• Mucous Retention Cysts: 362
• Sinonasal Polyposis: 364
• Acute Uncomplicated Sinusitis: 366
• Fungal Sinusitis: 367
• Paranasal Sinus Malignancy: 369
• Mucocele: 370
• Papilloma: 371
• FibroOsseous Lesions of Sinonasal Cavities: 372
• Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak: 373
• Wegener Granulomatosis: 374
• Temporal Bone: 376
• Vestibular Schwannoma: 378
• Facial Nerve Schwannoma: 379
• Enlarge Endolymphatic Sac Large Vestibular Aqueduct Syndrome: 380
• Bell Palsy: 382
• Labyrinthitis Obliterans: 383
• Glomus Tympanicum: 384
• Vascular Anomalies and Variants Middle Ear: 385
• Cholesteatoma Acquired Secondary: 387
• Cholesterol Granuloma: 388
• Otospongiosis: 390
• Orbits: 391
• Globe Calcifications: 393
• Retinoblastoma PNETRB: 395
• Orbital Cavernous Hemangioma Adult Type: 397
• Orbital Lymphangioma: 399
• Melanoma: 400
• Lacrimal Gland Masses: 402
• Orbital Dermoid: 404
• Optic Neuritis: 406
• Inflammatory Pseudotumor: 407
• Graves Ophthalmopathy: 409
• Orbital Cellulitis and Abscess: 410
• Detachments and Effusions: 411
• Orbital Cavity Trauma: 413
• Ocular Trauma: 414
• Posttreatment Changes: 416
• Index: 419

Bibliographic information

• Title: Neuroradiology Companion: Methods, Guidelines, and Imaging Fundamentals; Imaging Companion Series; LWW medical book collection
• Author: Mauricio Castillo
• Edition: illustrated
• Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006
• ISBN: 0781779499, 9780781779494
• Length: 428 pages
• Subjects: Medical / Neurology; Medical / Radiology & Nuclear Medicine