The Foundations of Ostpolitik: The Making of the Moscow Treaty Between West Germany and the USSRBased on recently released archival sources, this book is the first systematic analysis of the German-Soviet negotiations leading to the conclusion of the Moscow Treaty of August 1970. This treaty was the linchpin of the 'New Ostpolitik' launched by Chancellor Willy Brandt's government as a policy of reconciliation and an attempt to normalize relations with the countries of the Eastern bloc.Focusing on the decision-making processes, both within the German domestic political system as well as within the international context, this study offers a new interpretation of the shift from confrontational to détente politics at this time, arguing that the Moscow Treaty was the product of various interrelated domestic and external factors.As Dannenberg shows, the change of government to a Social-Liberal coalition was the first important precondition for Ostpolitik, while the speedy conclusion of the Moscow Treaty owed much to the high degree of secrecy and centralization that characterized Brandt's policy-making and that of his small coterie of advisors. However, Brandt's predominance in the decision-making process does not mean that he alone determined the direction of policy. His room for manoeuvre was, amongst other things,constrained by his coalition's narrow parliamentary majority as well as the Western Allies' special rights. On the other hand, German-Soviet trade expansion, public opinion, and the emerging international interest in détente in the mid-1960s were crucial factors favouring Ostpolitik.It was in this configuration of circumstances that Brandt placed himself at the forefront of the movement towards détente between East and West by introducing his bold diplomatic design - one that had the reunification of Germany as its ultimate goal. |
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AAPD ACDP Adenauer AdsD agreed agreement Allardt Archiv Auswärtige Amt Bahr paper Bahr’s Barzel Bonn Bonn’s borders Brandt and Bahr Brandt government cabinet Carstens CDU/CSU Chancellery Committee concluded cooperation declaration détente Deutsche Deutschlandpolitik dialogue discussion Duckwitz DzDP East Berlin Eastern policy Egon Bahr Ehmke Entscheidung in Bonn Erinnerungen European security exchange Falin Federal Republic Foreign Ministry foreign policy Frank Genscher German–Soviet Germany’s government’s Grand Coalition Grand Coalition government Gromyko Guttenberg Hallstein Doctrine Ibid informed intra-German relations July June Kiesinger Kiesinger’s leaders meeting Minister Moscow Treaty Munich Niedhart official opposition ostpolitical Ostpolitik parliamentary party party’s peace political Politik position Rainer Barzel recognition refugees renunciation of force renunciation-of-force policy result reunification Ruete Sahm Scheel Schmidt Sept Soviet Union Soviet Union unit Stuttgart Walter Scheel Wehner West German Western Allies Willy Brandt Zarapkin Zeit