Russia, the West, and Military InterventionRussia has been embroiled in bitter disputes with major Western powers over high-profile military interventions - over Kosovo (1999), Iraq (2003), Georgia (2008), and even Libya (2011) which had a UN Security Council mandate. Moscow and the West reached much more agreement over the Gulf War (1990) and intervention in Afghanistan (2001), but these cases are exceptional. This interdisciplinary study explores the persistent differences between Russian and Western leaders about most Western-led military campaigns and about Russia's own use of force in the CIS region. What does this tell us about emerging norms on the use of force in humanitarian crises? How and why has there been such controversy over the legal justifications for these military operations? Has greater consensus been possible over force in global counterterrorism? What do all these controversies tell us about international rule-making? More specifically, how can we understand Russian political and diplomatic responses during international crises around major interventions? This book argues that Russia has been influential in these debates on norms and law as a permanent United Nations Security Council member and as a major military power. Moscow's approach to these questions has reflected distinctive and quite entrenched attitudes to international order and sovereignty, as well as a preoccupation with its own status. The book draws deeply on Russian sources to show how these attitudes are expressed among the Russian leadership and the political elite. This raises challenging questions about the ability of Russia and Western states to cooperate in emerging crises, in Syria, Iran, or elsewhere and about Russia's role in international society. |
Contents
1 Military Intervention Norms and the Case of Russia | 1 |
2 The Soviet Union and Cold War Interventions | 24 |
Divergent Norms | 44 |
A New Basis for Consensus? | 71 |
5 Preemption the Iraq War and the Spectre of Unconstrained Force | 98 |
6 Contested Norms in the CIS Regional Order | 120 |
7 Russian Intervention in Georgia 2008 | 150 |
8 Russian Global Perspectives and Contemporary Military Intervention | 170 |
9 Conclusion | 206 |
Notes | 221 |
| 277 | |
| 297 | |
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Common terms and phrases
Abkhazia Afghanistan American argued attack August BBC Mon FS1 BRICS campaign Central Asia challenge chapter Chechnya China CIS regional order civilian claims coalition conflict context crisis CSTO debate December defence diplomatic Doctrine efforts force Foreign Minister Foreign Policy Georgia global Gorbachev Gulf http://www.mid.ru human rights humanitarian intervention Igor Ivanov influence International Affairs International Law international order international society Iran Iraq Iraqi June justifications Kosovo legitimacy legitimate Libya major mandate March Medvedev military action military intervention Moscow multilateral NATO NATO’s Nezavisimaya gazeta nuclear operations Oxford peacekeeping pluralist political pre-emption President principles Putin regime change relations Resolution 1973 Responsibility to Protect role Russian leaders Russian leadership Russian military Russian officials Security Council Resolution self-defence September Sergei Ivanov Sergei Lavrov solidarist South Ossetia sovereignty Soviet Statement strategic Tajikistan Taliban terrorism terrorist threat tion tional UN Charter UN Security Council University Press US-led veto war on terror Western powers