The Marcus Garvey and Universal Negro Improvement Association Papers, Vol. I: 1826-August 1919Marcus Mosiah Garvey (1887- 1940) led an extraordinary mass movement of black social protest. His Universal Negro Improvement Association and his "back to African" program of racial nationalism introduced many ideas that emerged again during the Black Power years of the 1960s: pride in black roots, pride in black physical features and African culture, and rejection of assimilation into white America. Yet the charismatic black Jamaican who roared his credo before huge audiences on the st reet corners of Harlem remains an enigma. His image as an honest idealist urging blacks to build their own nation has been clouded by accusations that he was a con man who, in the name of black pride, perpetrated one of history's greatest swindles. The Marcus Garvey And Universal Negro Improvement Association Papers clarifies the Garvey phenomenon. This is the first volume in a monumental ten-volume survey of thirty thousand archival documents and original manuscripts from widely separated sources, brought together by editor Robert A. Hill to provide a compelling picture of the evolution, spread, and influence of the UNIA. Letters, pamphlets, vital records, intelligence reports, newspaper articles, speeches, legal records, and diplomatic dispatches are enhanced by Hill's descriptive source notes, explanatory footnotes, and comprehensive introduction. Of the over three hundred items included in Volume I, only very few have ever been published or reprinted before. Volume I begins with the earliest mentions in 1826 of the Garvey family in Jamaica's slave records, and closes with Garvey's triumphant address at Carnegie Hall on August 25, 1919. The information is fascinating and often startling, tracing Garvey's early career in Jamaica, Central America, Europe, and the United States, and detailing the first stirrings of what was to become an international mass movement. Hill presents complete documentation of the first official surveillance of the UNIA, which prepared the way for the beginning of the criminal and civil litigation that engulfed Garvey and his movement, as American and European governments reacted to the perceived threat with repressive policies. The documents also record the internal structure and political splits during the early years of the UNIA, and provide the financial history of Garvey's controversial Black Star Line steamship venture, one of the schemes that ultimately led to the financial collapse of his movement. The first volume and the following five focus on America, the seventh and eighth on Mrica, and the last two on the Caribbean. The information Hill has compiled goes far beyond preoccupation with a single intriguing historical figure to document the growth and demise of a mass social phenomenon, an Mro-American protest movement with strong links to African and Caribbean nationalism in the first decades of the twentieth century. |
Contents
ILLUSTRATIONS | xxv |
GENERAL INTRODUCTION | xxxv |
THE PAPERS | xci |
EDITORIAL PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES | xcvii |
TEXTUAL DEVICES | ciii |
CHRONOLOGY | cix |
Chapter in AutobiographyThe | 3 |
Extract from the St Ann Register | 12 |
January 1918 Among the Negroes of Harlem Home News | 232 |
September 1918 Bureau of Investigation Report | 281 |
November 1918 Bureau of Investigation Report | 290 |
November 1918 Theodore Roosevelt to Marcus Garvey | 297 |
November 1918 Editorial by Marcus Garvey in the Negro World | 304 |
December 1918 Bureau of Investigation Report | 317 |
December 1918 Lt Col H A Pakenham to Military | 323 |
December 1918 Maj Wrisley Brown to Lt Col H | 329 |
October 1890 Record of Baptism of Malchus Moziah | 18 |
May 1910 Report of a Pamphlet by Marcus Garvey | 22 |
December 1913 Marcus Garvey to T A McCormack | 34 |
July 1914 Postscript by W G Hinchcliffe to | 45 |
Pamphlet by Marcus Garvey | 55 |
Pamphlet by Marcus Garvey | 64 |
September 1914 Newspaper Report Gleaner | 70 |
October 1914 Newspaper Report Daily Chronicle | 79 |
October 1914 H G Price to Marcus Garvey | 86 |
November 1914 Newspaper Report Daily Chronicle | 91 |
January 1915 Newspaper Report Daily Chronicle | 106 |
February 1915 Newspaper Report Daily Chronicle | 112 |
July 1915 Grand Concert at Collegiate Hall | 127 |
September 1915 M DeCordova Publisher of the Gleaner | 137 |
September 1915 UNIA Cash Statement Daily Chronicle | 143 |
September 1915 Reply of Marcus Garvey to Critics Gleaner | 151 |
November 1915 UNIA Farewell to the Jamaica | 163 |
January 1916 UNIA Broadside | 172 |
April 1916 Marcus Garvey to W E B Du Bois | 187 |
September 1916 Letter Denouncing Marcus Garvey | 196 |
June 1917 Amy Ashwood to Marcus Garvey | 204 |
July 1917 Printed Address by Marcus Garvey | 212 |
September 1917 Newspaper Report from the Brooklyn | 222 |
November 1917 Nicholas Murray Butler to Marcus Garvey | 228 |
December 1918 Meeting of the Baltimore Branch | 335 |
January 1919 Col John M Dunn to Capt John B Trevor | 341 |
January 1919 Maj Wrisley Brown to Lt | 348 |
February 1919 W E Allen Acting Chief Bureau | 357 |
February 1919 Maj W H Loving to the Director Military | 363 |
February 1919 Postal Censorship Report | 370 |
ca 916 March 1919 Meetings Announcement | 385 |
April 1919 Newspaper Report New York Call | 411 |
May 1919 George Ball Greene | 428 |
June 1919 Address by Marcus Garvey at the Palace | 437 |
June 1919 Editorial Letter by Marcus Garvey | 445 |
July 1919 Editorial Letter by Marcus Garvey | 452 |
July 1919 Marcus Garvey to Dusé Mohamed Ali | 465 |
August 1919 Complaint of Edwin P Kilroe against | 475 |
August 1919 John W Creighton Special Asst to | 481 |
August 1919 Robert Adger Bowen to William H Lamar | 487 |
August 1919 Maj W H Loving to Brig | 493 |
of the UNIA and ACL 331 | 496 |
August 1919 UNIA Meeting at Carnegie Hall | 498 |
Biographical Supplement | 519 |
Umbilla to the Jamaica Times | 548 |
Officers of the Rival Universal Negro | 559 |
Other editions - View all
The Marcus Garvey and Universal Negro Improvement Association Papers, Vol. I ... Marcus Garvey No preview available - 1983 |
Common terms and phrases
135th Street African Communities League America Amy Ashwood applause April assistant Association and African August Black Star Line Booker British Bureau of Investigation Cadet Chicago Church Colonial colored Convention Daily Chronicle December delegates Director District Attorney Division Domingo editor elected England February File France Garvey's Gleaner Harlem Henrietta Vinton Davis Hubert Harrison Irish Jamaica January July June Justice Kilroe Kingston leaders lecture letter London March Marcus Garvey meeting Military Intelligence movement National Negro Improvement Association Negro Race Negro World newspaper November October organization Original headlines Palace Casino paper Peace Conference political Postal Censorship President Press Printed published racial radical Recipient's copy Saturday Secretary September Socialist Society Stamped endorsement tion Tuskegee Typewritten reference UNIA United Universal Negro Improvement Vice-President W. E. B. Du Bois Washington West Indian West Indies William York City