Why Busing Failed: Race, Media, and the National Resistance to School DesegregationIn the decades after the landmark Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court decision, busing to achieve school desegregation became one of the nation’s most controversial civil rights issues. Why Busing Failed is the first book to examine the pitched battles over busing on a national scale, focusing on cities such as Boston, Chicago, New York, and Pontiac, Michigan. This groundbreaking book shows how school officials, politicians, the courts, and the media gave precedence to the desires of white parents who opposed school desegregation over the civil rights of black students. This broad and incisive history of busing features a cast of characters that includes national political figures such as then-president Richard Nixon, Chicago mayor Richard J. Daley, and antibusing advocate Louise Day Hicks, as well as some lesser-known activists on both sides of the issue—Boston civil rights leaders Ruth Batson and Ellen Jackson, who opposed segregated schools, and Pontiac housewife and antibusing activist Irene McCabe, black conservative Clay Smothers, and Florida governor Claude Kirk, all supporters of school segregation. Why Busing Failed shows how antibusing parents and politicians ultimately succeeded in preventing full public school desegregation. |
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Contents
Fifteen thousand white mothers march across Brooklyn | 1 |
Politician Louise Day Hicks opponent of school desegregation | 13 |
From | 23 |
White parents from Queens NY protest the proposed | 40 |
and 6 School boycott leader Milton Galamison and Parents | 47 |
Cities Rights and the Limits | 54 |
White demonstrators gather at the Chicago Board of Education | 71 |
Black Education | 77 |
Irene McCabe watches President Nixons televised speech | 135 |
Irene | 142 |
Irene McCabe National Action Group Rally Pontiac | 143 |
Irene McCabe in National Action Group tshirt at antibusing | 151 |
Walter Cronkite announces Irene McCabes arrival | 159 |
The Complexity of Black | 168 |
Roy Innis Congress of Racial Equality national chairman | 182 |
Television News and the Making of the Boston | 190 |
Ellen Jackson leader of Operation Exodus January 22 1967 | 89 |
Bipartisan | 93 |
Florida Governor Claude Kirk addresses media April 9 1970 | 105 |
Richard Nixons Antibusing Presidency | 114 |
President Richard Nixon calls for a moratorium on | 115 |
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Common terms and phrases
administration’s amendment American April argued Batson black parents black students Board of Education Boston Busing Crisis Boston Globe Boston School Busing Crisis Chicago Defender Chicago Tribune City Schools city’s Civil Rights Act civil rights activists civil rights advocates Claude Kirk Clay Smothers coverage facto segregation February federal forced busing funds George Wallace Hicks High School Irene McCabe issue Jackson Kirk’s Louise Day Hicks March NAACP Negro neighborhood schools North northern Notes to Pages open enrollment Operation Exodus opposition to busing organized Origins of Antibusing political politicians Pontiac President protestors protests public schools racial balance racial imbalance racial segregation racism Richard Nixon’s Antibusing school board school boycott School Busing school desegregation school districts school integration school officials segregated schools senator September South Boston southern Stennis story Surrender in Chicago tion VTNA Washington Post white parents white schools Willis York Amsterdam York’s
Bibliographic information
| Title | Why Busing Failed: Race, Media, and the National Resistance to School Desegregation Volume 42 of American Crossroads |
| Author | Matthew F. Delmont |
| Edition | illustrated |
| Publisher | Univ of California Press, 2016 |
| ISBN | 0520284259, 9780520284258 |
| Length | 281 pages |
| Subjects | › › History / United States / 20th Century |
| Export Citation | BiBTeX EndNote RefMan |