The Academic Profession: National, Disciplinary, and Institutional SettingsBurton R. Clark Unparalleled in its depth and breadth, this volume analyzes the way the academic profession is increasingly differentiated and professionalized in modern society. Its findings will help educators and laymen around the world to understand between the problems and the changing nature of a profession responsible for training the members of virtually all the other leading professions. The academic profession provides the basic staff for universities and colleges everywhere. Its competence is central to the competence of higher education. Long a subject for satire and fiction, this key profession as receive a relatively little systematic study. What do we know of its nature? What determines its character and strength, its capacity to carry out the many functions of modern postsecondary education? The authors of these far-ranging studies examine the academic profession in three decisive settings: the national, the disciplinary, and the institutional. The four chapters of Part I, written mainly by historians, point to the similarities and differences in the development an current composition of the profession in Great Britain, the Federal Republic of Germany, France, and the United States, In Part II, chapter give highlights the vast differences in the nature of the profession between continental Europe and America. Chapter six examines the differences exacted by the many disciplines that operate as ongoing concerns organized around specialized bodies of knowledge. Chapters seve and eight concentrate on the American scene, examining respectively the differences between professional schools and the letters and science departments of American research universities, and the varying academic worlds now provided by types of institutions that range from research universities to community colleges. Finally, Burton Clark presents the themes of the volume and a synthesis of findings in excellent introductory and concluding chapters. Unparalleled in its depth and breadth, this volume analyzes the way the academic profession is increasingly differentiated and professionalized in modern society. Its findings will help educators and laymen around the world to understand between the probl |
Contents
The Academic Profession in the Federal Republic of Germany Wolfgang | |
The Academic Profession in France Erhard Friedberg and Christine Musselin | |
The Academic Profession in the United States Walter P Metzger | |
DISCIPLINARY AND INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXTS | |
The Disciplinary Shaping of the Profession Tony Becher | |
Professional Schools in the American University Sydney Ann Halpern | |
Many Sectors Many Professions Kenneth P Ruscio | |
Conclusions Burton R Clark | |
Conference Participants | |
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Common terms and phrases
A. H. Halsey AAUP academia academic estate academic freedom academic profession administrative agrégation American academic antebellum appointments Association authority Britain British academic bureaucratic Burton Cambridge career chairholders changes Clark clinical departments CNRS community colleges culture curriculum disciplinary disciplines Donald Wheeler economic Edward Shils elite faculty members Federal Republic fields France French German graduate grandes écoles groups growth Higher Education System increase individual institutions intellectual internal junior staff knowledge letters and science liberal arts college London major medical schools medicine nineteenth century organization organizational Oxbridge patterns percent political polytechnics position professional schools professors promotion ranks reform Republic of Germany research university role scholars scientific sector social sciences society sociology status student numbers Sweden Systems of Higher teaching tenure Terry Clark traditional union United University of California University Press university system university teachers Van de Graaff York