Rivers of Iron: Railroads and Chinese Power in Southeast AsiaIn 2013, Chinese President Xi Jinping unveiled what would come to be known as the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)—a global development strategy involving infrastructure projects and associated financing throughout the world, including Asia, Africa, the Middle East, Europe, and the Americas. While the Chinese government has framed the plan as one promoting transnational connectivity, critics and security experts see it as part of a larger strategy to achieve global dominance. Rivers of Iron examines one aspect of President Xi Jinping’s “New Era”: China’s effort to create an intercountry railway system connecting China and its seven Southeast Asian neighbors (Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam). This book illuminates the political strengths and weaknesses of the plan, as well as the capacity of the impacted countries to resist, shape, and even take advantage of China’s wide-reaching actions. Using frameworks from the fields of international relations and comparative politics, the authors of Rivers of Iron seek to explain how domestic politics in these eight Asian nations shaped their varying external responses and behaviors. How does China wield power using infrastructure? Do smaller states have agency? How should we understand the role of infrastructure in broader development? Does industrial policy work? And crucially, how should competing global powers respond? |
Contents
Chinese Power Is as Chinese Power Does I | 1 |
The Grand Vision | 28 |
Chinas Debates | 54 |
Diverse Southeast Asian Responses | 84 |
China and Southeast Asia | 117 |
The Devil Is in the Details | 151 |
Geopolitics and Geoeconomics | 182 |
Implications for China Asia and the World | 208 |
Notes | 237 |
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abroad ASEAN Asian countries Bangkok Bank Beijing Beijing’s Belt and Road billion building Cambodia central challenges chapter Cheng-Chwee Kuik Chinese competition construction cooperation costs deal debt Deng Xiaoping diplomacy East economic ECRL elites export foreign policy geopolitical global growth High-Speed Rail High-Speed Railway HSR line HSR project implementation India Indonesia industrial infrastructure projects Institute interests interview by David investment involved issues Jakarta Jakarta-Bandung Japan Japanese Jokowi July June Khai Kuala Lumpur Kunming Lampton land Laos leaders Link Liu Zhijun Mahathir Mahathir Mohamad Malaysia ment middle powers Ministry Myanmar Najib negotiations neighbors nomic official overseas Chinese Pan-Asia Railway partner partnership percent Prayut PRC’s Prime Minister rail connectivity rail development rail line rail projects railroad regional Road Initiative role Selina senior Singapore SKRL South China Southeast Asia strategic Thai Thailand tion train Transport Vientiane Vietnam vision World Xi Jinping