History of the Finns in MichiganMichigan's Upper Peninsula was a major destination for Finns during the peak years of migration in the nineteenth century and the early decades of the twentieth century. Several Upper Peninsula communities had large Finnish populations and Finnish churches, lodges, cooperative stores, and temperance societies. Ishpeming and Hancock, especially, were important nationally as Finnish cultural centers. Originally published in Finnish in 1967 by Armas K. E. Holmio, History of the Finns in Michigan, translated into English by Ellen M. Ryynanen, brings the story of the contribution of Finnish immigrants into the mainstream of Michigan history. Holmio combines firsthand experience and personal contact with the first generation of Finnish immigrants with research in Finnish-language sources to create an important and compelling story of an immigrant group and its role in the development of Michigan. |
Contents
| 7 | |
| 17 | |
| 32 | |
| 48 | |
4 The First Finn in Michigan | 72 |
5 The Copper Country | 76 |
6 Gogebic County | 127 |
7 Marquette Dickinson and Iron Counties | 133 |
11 The Rise and Decline of the Temperance Movement | 219 |
12 The Rise and Decline of the Labor Movement | 273 |
13 The Knights and Ladies of Kaleva | 304 |
14 The Cooperative Movement | 329 |
15 Cultural and Educational Achievements | 366 |
16 The Swedish Finns in Michigan | 405 |
17 Finland and the Finns of Michigan | 413 |
18 From What Parishes Did They Come? | 441 |
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Common terms and phrases
annual Antti arrived August became began born Brotherhood Bruce Crossing called Calumet Co-op Communist Company congregation cooperative store Copper Country Crystal Falls Detroit difficulties early Eloheimo emigration established FAHA families farmers farming figures financial Finland Finn Finnish American Finnish immigrants Finnish language Finnish National Finnish settlement Finns in America fire first five hall Hancock held Helsinki Houghton Ilmonen influence Ironwood Ishpeming Johan John joined Kalenteri Kaleva Kalevainen Kalle Knights of Kaleva Kukka labor movement Ladies of Kaleva Laestadian Lake land large number later liquor Lodge Lutheran Church Marquette Mass City Matti meeting membership Michigan mining Minnesota moved National Church Negaunee newspaper Nikander Norwegian office official Onnen Ontonagon organized Ostrobothnia parishes Pastor People’s president published Russian seminary SKRV socialist started summer Suomalainen Suomi College Suomi Synod Sweden Swedish temperance movement temperance society tion Toivo Toivola Upper Peninsula Vaasa Wargelin women’s