Origins of the Dred Scott Case: Jacksonian Jurisprudence and the Supreme Court, 1837-1857

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University of Georgia Press, Jan 25, 2010 - History - 288 pages

The Supreme Court's 1857 Dred Scott decision denied citizenship to African Americans and enabled slavery's westward expansion. It has long stood as a grievous instance of justice perverted by sectional politics. Austin Allen finds that the outcome of Dred Scott hinged not on a single issue—slavery—but on a web of assumptions, agendas, and commitments held collectively and individually by Chief Justice Roger B. Taney and his colleagues.

Allen carefully tracks arguments made by Taney Court justices in more than 1,600 reported cases in the two decades prior to Dred Scott and in its immediate aftermath. By showing us the political, professional, ideological, and institutional contexts in which the Taney Court worked, Allen reveals that Dred Scott was not simply a victory for the Court's prosouthern faction. It was instead an outgrowth of Jacksonian jurisprudence, an intellectual system that charged the Court with protecting slavery, preserving both federal power and state sovereignty, promoting economic development, and securing the legal foundations of an emerging corporate order—all at the same time. Here is a wealth of new insight into the internal dynamics of the Taney Court and the origins of its most infamous decision.

 

Contents

Beyond the Sectional Crisis
1
Beneath Dred Scott Jacksonian Jurisprudence and the Dimensions of SelfRule
9
Toward Dred Scott Slavery Corporations and Popular Sovereignty in the Web of Law
69
Inescapable Opportunity The Supreme Court and the Dred Scott Case
133
Note on Method
221
Notes
229
Bibliography
253
Index
267
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About the author (2010)

Austin Allen is an assistant professor of history at the University of Houston, Downtown.