Electrical Papers, Volume 1 |
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Common terms and phrases
amount axis B₁ battery C₁ cable capacity charge circuit closed coefficients coil coil-current condenser conduction current conductor constant convergence copper core corresponding curl curve D₁ density dielectric difference of potential direction displacement distance distribution earth elastic electric current electric force electrification electromagnetic electromagnetic induction electromotive force electrostatic equal equation expression external field function galvanometer given H₁ H₂ heat Hence impressed force increase infinite insulated integral Joule's law kinetic length line-integral linear lines of force magnetic energy magnetic force magnetic induction magnetisation matter metals motion mutual energy negative nonconductors normal system Ohm's law parallel permeability polar positive potential energy quantity R₁ regards resistance result round scalar scalar potential shell similarly solution space strength subsidence summation surface temperature terminal theory tube unit volume vanish vary vector vector-potential velocity whilst wire zero zinc
Popular passages
Page 18 - ... feats of intellectual gymnastics — very beautiful in their way, but quite useless in a practical point of view." However, notwithstanding these unfavourable reports as to the practicability of duplex telegraphy, the experience of the last y ear has negatived them in a striking manner, and made the socalled "feats
Page 18 - There seems little reason to doubt that this system will eventually be extended to all circuits of not too great a length, between the terminal points of which there is more than sufficient traffic for a single wire worked in the ordinary manner — that is to say, only one station working at a time. I propose in this paper to give a short account of the theory of duplex telegraphy by the principal methods, and to describe two other methods, which are, I believe, entirely original. To begin at the...
Page 24 - ... arrived at years of discretion) be considered an important advantage over the differential system. It is theoretically possible to send any number of messages whatever simultaneously in one and the same direction on a single wire. Now by combination with a "null" duplex system it becomes obviously possible to send any number of messages in the other direction while the opposite correspondences are going on, and without interference. Thus the working capacities of telegraphic circuits may be increased...
Page 24 - ... the rapidly increasing complication of adjustments required. Besides, to keep them going, the telegraph-clerks must themselves be electricians of a rather higher order than at present ; and, considering the condition of the labour-market and the youth of the school-boards, that would scarcely pay. Nevertheless, from experiments I have made, I find it is not at all a difficult matter to carry on four correspondences at the same time, namely two in each direction ; and if we may suppose the growth...
Page 195 - ... instead of in their own, as is frequently the practice of writers on dynamics who quote Newton verbatim instead of improving on his wording by using their own. While I must refrain from quoting Heaviside in full, I will give here his introductory remarks on account of their general interest. "Everyone knows that electric currents give rise to magnetic force and has a general notion of the nature of distribution of the force in certain practical cases, as within a galvanometer coil, for example....
Page 353 - ... conferences, though doubtless affecting the wages paid in non-union mills, covered only such mills as the company regarded as union. Such was the situation when the United States Steel Corporation was formed early in 1901. To narrate the history of the formation of that gigantic capitalistic combination would lead us too far afield. Suffice it to say that in the steel business there had come to be two groups of great consolidated companies : one, in which the Carnegie Company was the greatest,...
Page 435 - It so happened that my first acquaintance with electricity was with the dynamic phenomena, and after I had read with absorbed interest that instructive book, Tyndall's 'Heat as a Mode of Motion'. This may explain why, when it came later to book-learning regarding electricity, I had the greatest possible repugnance to all the explanations, and could not accept the electric current to be the motion of electricity (static) through a wire, but thought it something quite different. I simply did not believe,...
Page 103 - Now the magnetization of the core is proportional to the magnetizing force, and the attractive force between the core and a soft iron armature placed close to it is proportional to the square of the magnetization and to the cross section of the core. Therefore, if A is the attractive force, *" {*••-•- - j«r *-y This increases with z, so let z = y, the inner radius of the coil.
Page 57 - They are insensible both when -^ is very small and when it is very large. In the former case only the higher terms in (13) and (14) are periodic with respect to the time ; and in the latter case they become very rapid and weak in the same proportion. But when the time-constants a.
Page 423 - ... when one, by the use of the imagination, has got to a definite result, and then sees a stricter way of getting it, it is perhaps as well to shift the ladder, if not to kick it down. For I find that practically, in reading scientific papers, in which fanciful arguments are much used, it gives one great trouble to eliminate the fancy and get at the real argument. Nothing is more useful than to be able to distinctly separate what one knows from what one only supposes.