Minerals: Their Constitution and OriginThe new edition of this popular textbook, once again, provides an indispensable guide for the next generation of mineralogists. Designed for use on one- or two-semester courses, this second edition has been thoughtfully reorganised, making it more accessible to students, whilst still being suitable for an advanced mineralogy course. Additions include expanded introductions to many chapters, a new introductory chapter on crystal chemistry, revised figures, and an extended plates section containing beautiful colour photographs. Text boxes include historical background and case studies to engage students, and end-of-chapter questions help them reinforce concepts. With new online resources to support learning and teaching, including laboratory exercises, PowerPoint slides, useful web links and mineral identification tables, this is a sound investment for students in the fields of geology, materials science and environmental science, and a valuable reference for researchers, collectors and anyone interested in minerals. |
Contents
| 12 | |
Isomorphism solid solutions and polymorphism | 31 |
Chemical formulas of minerals | 37 |
Mineral identification of hand specimens | 49 |
The concept of a lattice and description of crystal structures | 61 |
pointgroups and spacegroups | 81 |
Crystalline defects | 108 |
Crystal growth and aggregation | 118 |
Phosphates sulfates and related minerals Apatite as a biogenic mineral | 350 |
Sulfides and related minerals Hydrothermal processes | 361 |
Oxides and hydroxides Review of ionic crystals | 377 |
Orthosilicates and ring silicates Metamorphic mineral assemblages | 396 |
Sheet silicates Weathering of silicate rocks | 418 |
Chain silicates Discussion of some igneous and metamorphic processes | 437 |
Framework silicates Zeolites and ion exchange properties of minerals | 462 |
Organic minerals | 473 |
x | 133 |
Physical properties | 149 |
Optical properties | 166 |
Mineral identification with the petrographic microscope | 189 |
Color | 217 |
Advanced analytical methods | 225 |
viii | 251 |
Mineral genesis | 261 |
Considerations of thermodynamics | 270 |
Phase diagrams | 284 |
Important information about silica minerals and feldspars | 295 |
Simple compounds Unusual mineral occurrences | 317 |
Halides Evaporite deposits | 325 |
Carbonates and other minerals with triangular anion groups | 336 |
Metalliferous mineral deposits | 481 |
Gemstones | 501 |
Cement minerals | 518 |
Minerals and human health | 526 |
Mineral composition of the solar system | 536 |
Mineral composition of the Earth | 551 |
Appendices | 563 |
Nonmetallic luster polyhedral cleavage three systems sorted according to hardness | 570 |
4a Optically isotropic minerals sorted according to refractive index | 576 |
Glossary | 582 |
| 590 | |
| 603 | |
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Common terms and phrases
albite amphiboles angle anions anorthite aragonite atoms axes axial axis biaxial birefringence bonding c-axis calcite carbonates cations Chapter chemical cleavage close-packed color components composition coordination copper crossed polarizers crystal structure cubic density deposits diamond diffraction diopside dislocations dolomite Earth electron elements ellipsoid energy example exsolution extinction feldspars Figure granite gypsum halite hexagonal hydrothermal igneous indicatrix indices ionic ions iron lattice planes layers lens light luster magma magnetic magnetite melt metals metamorphic metamorphic rocks microscope mineralogy minerals Monocl monoclinic morphology occurs octahedral olivine optical Ortho orthorhombic oxides oxygen parallel pegmatites perovskite perpendicular phase diagram plagioclase Plate Platy pressure prismatic produce properties pyrite pyroxenes quartz reaction refractive index rocks rotation sample sanidine SiO2 solid solution sphalerite sulfide surface symmetry Table temperature tensor tetrahedra tetrahedral thin section tion triclinic trigonal twin uniaxial unit cell vibration volcanic wave wavelength X-ray yellow zone