Business and Environmental Politics in CanadaBusiness and Environmental Politics in Canada examines the way in which industries and firms work to influence the regulatory standards intended to improve their environmental performance. Filling an important gap in the environmental policy literature, this is the first book-length treatment of the subject in Canada. A review is provided of political action taken since the 1960s by the large firms which have found themselves at the centre of the hot-button issues of the day water pollution, refillable pop bottles, acid rain, chemicals, smog and climate change. Three questions focus the analysis. What determines the political objective of the regulated firm? What strategies do the large firms use to influence environmental policy? And, finally, how powerful is business in the arena of environmental politics to what extent is Canadian environmental policy shaped by business lobbying? This book will be of interest to scholars, environmental professionals, and all those concerned about the degree to which environmental standards are determined by the regulated industries themselves. |
Contents
Rationale | 18 |
The Current State of Understanding | 35 |
Business and Environment | 57 |
Policy Evolution 19561980 | 74 |
PulpandPaper Industry Response to Initial Regulation | 76 |
Summary | 92 |
Policy Evolution 19801993 | 96 |
SoftDrink Industry Funding of BlueBox Programs | 105 |
Policy Evolution 19932006 | 136 |
Greening the Corporate Image | 148 |
Firms Surveyed 1997 | 152 |
The Oil and Gas Industry Fails to Prevent Kyoto Ratification | 162 |
Summary View of Business Political Activity 19562006 | 173 |
Political Interest Sought | 176 |
References | 195 |
Additional Readings | 213 |
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Common terms and phrases
achieve acid rain action advertising Alberta analysis behaviour change Brundtland Commission business actors business political CCPA cent CEPA chemical industry climate change companies corporate culture cost decade discussed Doern economic effort emissions engaged envi Environment Canada environment departments environmental management environmental movement environmental performance environmental policy environmental protection environmental regulation environmentalists ernment external fact federal and provincial federal government firm's global goal green Greenpeace Imperial Oil implemented improve Inco increased influence initiated internal issue lobbying Macdonald major manufacturing ment multistakeholder consultation norms Ontario Ontario Hydro Ottawa participation policy intervention policy process political activity political objective political power pollution power of business private negotiation problem profitability pulp-and-paper industry recycling reduce refillable regulatory demands regulatory pressure regulatory threat Responsible Care Responsible Care program role ronmental social soft-drink industry standards strategy sustainable development tion Toronto toxic trade associations VanNijnatten voluntarism waste