Late Etruscan Votive Heads from Tessennano: Production, Distribution, Sociohistorical ContextMouldmade terracotta heads of men, women and children were being produced in Italy from the fourth century BC. This book not only discusses the production, chronology, distribution, style and chemical composition of these heads, but also includes a large catalogue of examples from Tessennanno near Vulci in southern Etruria. Taking examples dating from c.300BC to 100BC, S derlind argues that the heads were being mass-produced, most probably at Tuscania and not in Tessennano itself, and that through time a degeneration in quality can be seen due to the re-use of old archetypes and worn-out moulds and a lack of new investment in production. |
Contents
Preface p | 9 |
Bibliography | 17 |
AIMS AND METHODS | 35 |
CATALOGUE | 55 |
CHRONOLOGY | 207 |
TECHNIQUE | 241 |
LOCATION ORGANIZATION AND PATTERNS | 275 |
DISTRIBUTION | 309 |
CRITICAL REVIEW | 319 |
METHOD | 326 |
CONCLUSIONS | 342 |
Common terms and phrases
6/6 reddish-yellow added temper amount of coarse archetype architectural terracottas BACK Flat BACK Multiple-curved basaltic rock base below neck calcite calcium carbonate CAST Cerveteri coarse fractions grains>0.09 COLOUR Paint COLOUR Surface COMELLA coroplasts craftsmen dated encrustations from root Etruria Etruscan feldspar figure when frontally Follows the line foraminifera front and back frontally viewed GENTILI handmade features heads from Tessennano heads of lid HOFTER Lavinium lid statues locations marks on front maximum grain mean max MEASUREMENTS MH mould circulation Mould series Museo Archeologico nose Pitigliano production unit Productional parallels Profiles pyroxenee and/or olivine Raw clay red on face REFERENCES COSTANTINI 1995 RETOUCHINGS RIM Frontal Roman root marks samples sanctuary sarcophagi sinter suggested SURFACE Brush marks SURFACE Paint Tarquinia third century tion TORELLI traces of red Tuscania Veii Vertical front side volcanic glass votive deposit votive heads votive terracottas Vulci worn mould YR 6/4 light YR 7/4 pink